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A diesel combustion kinetic model for estimating gaseous pollutant emissions.

机译：用于估算气态污染物排放的柴油机燃烧动力学模型。

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摘要

In the last years, the presence of diesel engines vehicles in the European car fleet has reached all-time levels, being the sale of these cars quite above of the petrol-fuelled ones. The main reason of this fact is the higher efficiency of the diesel engines (that implies a lower CO2 emission), contributing to the development and optimization of such engines. However, the vehicle industry faces up to stringent legislative restrictions on pollutants emission, being the nitrogen oxides (NOx) and the particulate matter (PM) the main regulated diesel emissions. This fact has promoted the development of emissions reduction techniques that affect, not only the combustion process, but also the pollutant emissions once they have formed, that is, acting in the exhaust system. Nevertheless, is necessary to develop theoretical models that allow improving the understanding of the physical and chemical complex phenomena causing the pollutants formation, making possible the establishment of cause-effect relationships between the engine operating conditions and the pollutant emissions level.; In this doctoral thesis, a phenomenological combustion model, which considers the space and time evolutions of a reacting diesel fuel jet, has been developed in order to estimate the instantaneous gaseous concentration (especially NO x) in a diesel engine cylinder from the start of the injection until the exhaust valve opening. The total injected fuel mass has been divided into different fuel packages, through the fuel injection rate file, to take into account the heterogeneous nature of the diesel combustion process. Due to the importance of the kinetics on the formation and destruction mechanisms of the main pollutant species and radicals, the instantaneous composition of each fuel package has been calculated by using a chemical reaction mechanism which considers 38 species and 83 reactions. A single cylinder diesel engine was tested to validate the model and to analyse the influence of the injection parameters (injection pressure, injection timing and injected fuel mass) on the NOx emissions. The model proposed in this work also provides a better knowledge of the local mixing fuel/air processes, which represent one of the most important uncertainties when modelling diesel combustion.
机译：在过去的几年中，欧洲汽车车队中柴油发动机汽车的存在达到了历史最高水平，这些汽车的销售量大大超过了汽油燃料的汽车。这一事实的主要原因是柴油发动机的效率更高（这意味着较低的CO2排放量），这有助于此类发动机的开发和优化。但是，汽车工业面临污染物排放的严格立法限制，因为氮氧化物（NOx）和颗粒物（PM）是主要的管制柴油排放。这一事实促进了减排技术的发展，该技术不仅影响燃烧过程，而且还影响污染物形成后即在排气系统中起作用的污染物排放。尽管如此，仍然有必要建立理论模型，以增进对引起污染物形成的物理和化学复杂现象的理解，从而有可能在发动机工况与污染物排放水平之间建立因果关系。在本博士论文中，已经开发了一种现象学燃烧模型，该模型考虑了反应的柴油燃料射流的时空演变，以便从燃烧开始时估算柴油机气缸中的瞬时气体浓度（尤其是NO x）。直到排气门打开。考虑到柴油燃烧过程的异质性，通过燃油喷射速率文件将总喷射燃油质量分为不同的燃油包。由于动力学对主要污染物种类和自由基的形成和破坏机理的重要性，因此通过使用考虑了38个种类和83个反应的化学反应机理来计算每个燃料组件的瞬时组成。对单缸柴油发动机进行了测试，以验证模型并分析喷射参数（喷射压力，喷射正时和喷射燃料质量）对NOx排放的影响。在这项工作中提出的模型还提供了对本地混合燃料/空气过程的更好的了解，这代表了对柴油机燃烧进行建模时最重要的不确定性之一。

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  • 作者

    Perez Collado, Javier.;

  • 作者单位

    Universidad de Castilla - La Mancha (Spain).;

  • 授予单位 Universidad de Castilla - La Mancha (Spain).;
  • 学科 Engineering Automotive.; Engineering Mechanical.
  • 学位 Dr.
  • 年度 2007
  • 页码 264 p.
  • 总页数 264
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 自动化技术及设备;机械、仪表工业;
  • 关键词

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