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首页> 外文学位 >Distribution and interaction of fusarium crown rot and common root rot pathogens of wheat in Montana and development of an integrated management program for fusarium crown rot.
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Distribution and interaction of fusarium crown rot and common root rot pathogens of wheat in Montana and development of an integrated management program for fusarium crown rot.

机译：镰刀菌冠腐病和普通根腐病病原菌在蒙大拿州的分布和相互作用，以及镰刀菌冠腐病综合管理计划的制定。

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摘要

This thesis had three objectives: (i) Determining distribution of FCR and common root rot (CRR) of wheat in Montana; (ii) Determining population dynamics between F. pseudograminearum and Bipolaris sorokiniana at different wheat development stages, and (iii) Development of an integrated disease management program for Fusarium crown rot (FCR) using biological and fungicide seed treatments, cultivar resistance, and induced systemic resistance (SAR). Surveys of 91 fields over two years using qPCR identified FCR in 57% and CRR in 93% of the fields surveyed. Bipolaris sorokiniana, F. culmorum and F. pseudograminearum were isolated from 15, 13 and 8% of tillers respectively. FCR distribution was highly clustered while CRR was uniformly distributed with soil type, elevation and growing degree days influencing distribution. Data from intensively sampled fields estimated yield losses caused by FCR and CRR at 3.2 to 34.9% with losses influenced by pathogen population. This study is the first time qPCR was used to survey the distribution of FCR and CRR and to study the interaction of the respective pathogens. The effect of F. pseudograminearum and B. sorokiniana inoculum applied singly or in combination at three rates showed high and low rates of F. pseudograminearum inoculum reduced Bipolaris populations, while B. sorokiniana inoculations did not affect Fusarium populations in stems. Populations of both pathogens increased from heading until harvest with Fusarium colonizing stems earlier than Bipolaris. Mixed inoculations increased incidence of infection and co-infection relative to that observed in production fields. Both fungi alone or combined reduced the seedling counts. Grain yield was inversely correlated with Fusarium populations. Difenoconazole--mefenoxam seed treatment reduced FCR severity between 29.3-50% and fungal and bacterial seed treatments were ineffective. The cv. Volt was identified as partially resistant and had the highest levels of chitinase and beta-1, 3-glucanase activity of cultivars evaluated. Induction of SAR by Bacillus mycoides isolate BmJ or acibenzolar-S-methyl significantly reduced the severity of FCR compared to water controls. Integration of cultivar resistance plus fungicide seed treatment or SAR induction provided equal control in greenhouse and irrigated trials. In a dryland field trial, integration of all management tools reduced FCR more than individual tools.
机译：本文的研究目标是三个方面：（i）确定蒙大拿州小麦的FCR和普通根腐病（CRR）分布； （ii）在不同的小麦发育阶段确定假单胞菌和Bipolaris sorokiniana之间的种群动态，以及（iii）使用生物和杀菌剂种子处理，品种抗性和诱导的系统性病害，开发镰刀菌冠腐病（FCR）的综合疾病管理计划。电阻（SAR）。使用qPCR在两年内对91个田地进行的调查确定，在被调查的田地中，FCR占57％，CRR占93％。分别从15、13和8％的分ers中分离出了双极双歧杆菌，细角镰刀菌和假单胞菌。 FCR分布高度集中，而CRR均匀分布，影响土壤类型，海拔和生长天数。来自密集采样田地的数据估计，由FCR和CRR引起的产量损失为3.2％至34.9％，而损失受到病原菌种群的影响。这项研究是qPCR首次用于调查FCR和CRR的分布并研究各个病原体之间的相互作用。单独施用或以三种比率联合应用的假单胞菌和B. sorokiniana接种物的效果显示高和低的假单胞菌接种物减少了双极种群，而B. sorokiniana接种并不影响茎中的镰刀菌种群。从镰刀菌到双孢镰刀菌定殖茎的收获，直到收获为止，两种病原体的种群都增加了。相对于生产现场，混合接种增加了感染和共感染的发生率。单独使用或合并使用的两种真菌均可减少幼苗数量。谷物产量与镰刀菌种群成反比。 Difenoconazole-Mefenoxam种子处理可将FCR严重程度降低29.3-50％，真菌和细菌种子处理无效。简历伏特被鉴定为部分抗性，并且具有最高水平的几丁质酶和所评估品种的β-1、3-葡聚糖酶活性。与水对照相比，由芽孢杆菌分离物BmJ或苯并噻唑-S-甲基诱导SAR显着降低了FCR的严重性。在温室和灌溉试验中，品种抗性加杀菌剂种子处理或SAR诱导的整合提供了相同的控制。在旱地田间试验中，与单个工具相比，所有管理工具的集成都减少了FCR。

著录项

  • 作者

    Moya, Ernesto Antonio.;

  • 作者单位

    Montana State University.;

  • 授予单位 Montana State University.;
  • 学科 Biology Microbiology.;Agriculture Plant Pathology.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2010
  • 页码 239 p.
  • 总页数 239
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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