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Playing and nothing: European appropriations of Native American cultures in the late 20th century.

机译：一无所有：20世纪末期欧洲人对美洲原住民文化的占有。

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摘要

The dissertation addresses a nexus of problems related to anthropology's engagement with popular culture, national and global constructions, and grassroots social activism. It is a multi-sited ethnography and a historical tableau of cultural processes by which "traditional Native American cultures" are imagined, transformed, and incorporated into Euro-American societies. It constitutes the first in-depth study of European Indianists (also known as Wannabe Indians and Euro-Indians) as observed in the United States (among White and Black populations), Western and Eastern Europe, Japan, and the Caribbean. This ethnography is based on 18 months of field research and included participant observation, interviews, and archival research among Indianists in Russia, Lithuania, Poland, Bulgaria, Belgium and Holland. I document a variety of East European engagements with Native American cultures including annual outdoor gatherings (pow-wows and Western weeks), agricultural communes, indigenous rights support actions, urban clubs, religious ceremonies, and more personal and familial settings. I also describe the influence of Indian stereotypes on Europeans' ideas of kinship, race, spirituality, personhood, and intellectual reflexivity. Using historical literature, I revise Philip Deloria's (1998) genealogy of Euro-American Indianism and expand upon it by showing that the reenactment of North American Indian cultures in the late 20th century is prefigured in early American captivity experiences and narratives. This cultural phenomenon not only began long before the dates set by Deloria's analysis but also continues to manifest deeply seated European values in contemporary perceptions of and interactions with Native Americans. I contend that the use of the image of the Noble Savage for the construction of non-native identities in the U.S. has served a goal of strengthening the majoritarian hold on the American continent in the face of its increasing cultural diversity, on the one hand, and the rise of the U.S. to the status of a world power, on the other. In a similar vein, the appropriation of Native American cultures contributes to the strengthening of European nationhood in the context of increasing globalization and competition with the United States.
机译：论文解决了与人类学与大众文化，国家和全球建设以及基层社会活动主义有关的一系列问题。它是一个多地点的人种志，也是文化过程的历史写照，通过它可以构想，改造和整合“欧美原住民文化”。它是在美国（白人和黑人人口），西欧和东欧，日本和加勒比地区观察到的对欧洲印第安人（也称为Wannabe印第安人和欧洲印第安人）的首次深入研究。这项民族志基于18个月的实地研究，包括参与者观察，访谈和俄罗斯，立陶宛，波兰，保加利亚，比利时和荷兰的印第安人之间的档案研究。我记录了东欧与美洲原住民文化的各种交往，包括年度户外聚会（战俘和西部周），农业公社，土著权利支持活动，城市俱乐部，宗教仪式以及更多的个人和家庭环境。我还描述了印度的定型观念对欧洲人的亲属，种族，灵性，人格和智力反射的影响。利用历史文献，我修改了菲利普·德洛里亚（Philip Deloria）（1998）的欧洲印第安人主义的家谱，并通过证明在20世纪末期对北美印第安人文化的重演已被美国早期的囚禁经历和叙述预言而加以扩展。这种文化现象不仅早在Deloria的分析所确定的日期之前就开始了，而且在当代对美洲原住民的看法和与美国人的互动中继续表现出深深的欧洲价值观。我认为，利用高贵的野蛮人的形象在美国构建非本地身份已经达到了加强美洲大陆多数派控制的目标，因为面对着越来越多的文化多样性，一方面，另一方面，美国崛起为世界大国。同样，在日益全球化和与美国竞争的背景下，挪用美洲原住民文化有助于增强欧洲民族地位。

著录项

  • 作者

    Dziebel, German Valentinovich.;

  • 作者单位

    Stanford University.;

  • 授予单位 Stanford University.;
  • 学科 Anthropology Cultural.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2006
  • 页码 614 p.
  • 总页数 614
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 人类学;
  • 关键词

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