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Response of mesquite (Prosopis velutina Woot.) carbon-water relations to variations in soil texture and precipitation.

机译：豆科灌木（Prosopis velutina Woot。）碳水关系对土壤质地和降水变化的响应。

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摘要

Variability in climate and rainfall are commonly cited by aridland ecologists to explain shifts in plant community structure and land-cover change in water-limited environments. While pulses of precipitation undoubtedly play an important role in driving vegetation dynamics of arid and semiarid lands, the relationship between precipitation and plant-water acquisition is not straightforward. The amount of soil moisture that is effectively available to plants is ultimately controlled by a complex combination of biotic and abiotic factors such as physical soil attributes and plant developmental stage. This indirect relationship between precipitation and plant water uptake can lead to profound differences in plant distribution and ecosystem function across arid and semiarid landscapes, greatly contributing to mesoscale physiognomic heterogeneity.; In this doctoral research I investigated the interaction between soil texture and summer precipitation and its implications on the carbon-water acquisition of a widespread woody legume: velvet mesquite (Prosopis velutina Wooten). Specifically, the goal was to answer the following questions: how are precipitation pulses translated into plant-available water across different soil types? Do mesquite responses to different sized pulses vary across soils with different soil textures? Does the response of mesquite to pulses of precipitation vary with ontogeny?; This research revealed that variations in soil texture across the landscape led to differential utilization of seasonal precipitation by mesquite trees beginning in the earliest stages of mesquite development. Specifically, we found that on coarse-textured soils both adult and one year old mesquites are highly coupled to and dependent on the occurrence of both large and small summer precipitation pulses. In contrast, on fine textured soils, the response of mesquite to both large and small summer precipitation pulses is limited by the presence in the soil of antecedent winter water. Substantial differences in seasonal water balance between mesquite occurring on different soil textures were also detected with mesquite on fine-textured soils experiencing a smaller pre-monsoon water deficit than mesquite on coarse-textured soils.; Differential utilization of seasonal water by mesquite across the landscape coupled with predicted changes in seasonal precipitation may have important consequences in future patterns of plant community structure and ecosystem water balance of this semi-arid lands.
机译：干旱地区的生态学家通常引用气候和降雨的变化来解释植物群落结构的变化和缺水环境中土地覆盖的变化。虽然降水脉冲无疑在驱动干旱和半干旱地区的植被动态中起着重要作用，但降水与植物水分获取之间的关系并不直接。有效地用于植物的土壤水分的量最终由生物和非生物因素（例如土壤的物理属性和植物发育阶段）的复杂组合来控制。降水与植物水分吸收之间的这种间接关系会导致干旱和半干旱地区植物分布和生态系统功能的深刻差异，极大地促进了中尺度的地理学异质性。在这项博士研究中，我研究了土壤质地与夏季降水之间的相互作用及其对广泛的木质豆科植物：天鹅绒豆科植物（Prosopis velutina Wooten）的碳水获取的影响。具体而言，目标是回答以下问题：在不同土壤类型上，降水脉冲如何转换成植物可用的水？在不同土壤质地的土壤上，豆科灌木对不同大小脉冲的响应是否有所不同？豆科灌木林对降水脉冲的响应是否随个体发育而变化？这项研究表明，景观的土壤质地变化导致豆科灌木树木在豆科灌木生长的最早阶段就开始利用季节性降水。具体而言，我们发现在质地较粗的土壤上，成年和一岁的豆科灌木林都与夏季降水脉动的大小相关，并且取决于夏季降水脉动的大小。相比之下，在质地细密的土壤上，豆科灌木林对夏季降水量的大小变化的响应受到冬季土壤中土壤的存在的限制。还发现了在不同土壤质地上的豆科灌木之间季节性水分平衡的显着差异，细纹理土壤上的豆科灌木季风前缺水量小于粗纹理土壤上的豆科灌木。整个草地上的豆科灌木对季节性水的不同利用，加上季节性降水的预测变化，可能对该半干旱土地的植物群落结构和生态系统水平衡的未来模式产生重要影响。

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  • 作者

    Fravolini, Alessandra.;

  • 作者单位

    The University of Arizona.;

  • 授予单位 The University of Arizona.;
  • 学科 Biology Plant Physiology.; Biology Ecology.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2006
  • 页码 130 p.
  • 总页数 130
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 植物学;生态学（生物生态学）;
  • 关键词

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