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首页> 外文学位 >Organic-inorganic nanocomposite membranes from highly ordered mesoporous thin films for solubility-based separations.
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Organic-inorganic nanocomposite membranes from highly ordered mesoporous thin films for solubility-based separations.

机译：来自高度有序介孔薄膜的有机-无机纳米复合膜，用于基于溶解度的分离。

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摘要

Solubility-based membrane separation, in which the more soluble species preferentially permeates across the membrane, has attracted considerable recent attention due to both economic and environmental concerns. This solubility-selective mode is particularly attractive over a diffusivity-selective mode in applications in which the heavier species are present in dilute concentrations. Examples include the recovery of volatile organic components (VOCs) from effluent streams and the removal of higher hydrocarbons from natural gas. Recently, nanocomposites have shown great promise as possible membrane materials for solubility-selective separations. The chemical derivatization of inorganic mesoporous substrates has been explored to synthesize organic-inorganic nanocomposite membranes. The most exciting feature of this approach is that it enables the rational engineering of membrane nano-architecture with independent control over the free volume and chemistry to create membranes with highly customizable permselectivity properties.;In this study, we synthesized the organic-inorganic nanocomposite membranes by decorating the surfaces of commercially available mesoporous alumina substrates, and surfactant-templated highly ordered mesoporous silicate thin films placed on commercially available macroporous inorganic substrates, with a selective organic material that is physically or chemically anchored to the porous surfaces.;Hyperbranched melamine-based dendrimers, with nanometer dimension and chemical composition designed to target certain components, were used as filling agents. We evaluated these membranes for several environmentally relevant separations, such as the recovery of the higher hydrocarbon from air and the removal of trace VOCs from air or water, while exploring the impact of organic oligomer size, chemistry, and surface coverage, as well as substrate pore size and structure, on membrane performance. First, we did a model study to verify the feasibility of dendrimer growth inside mesopores by using ordered mesoporous silica. Alumina-ordered mesoporous silica (alumina-OMS) hybrid membranes were prepared as new inorganic porous substrates. Finally, we synthesized dendrimer-ceramic nanocomposite membranes by growing several generations of melamine-based dendrimers with diverse functional groups directly off the commercial alumina membranes. Composite membranes show very high propane/nitrogen selectivity up to 70.
机译：由于经济和环境方面的考虑，基于溶解度的膜分离（其中较易溶的物种优先渗透到整个膜中）最近引起了相当大的关注。在较重物质以稀浓度存在的应用中，这种溶解度选择性模式比扩散选择性模式更具吸引力。例如，从废水中回收挥发性有机成分（VOC），从天然气中去除高级烃。近来，纳米复合材料已经显示出作为用于溶解度选择性分离的可能的膜材料的巨大希望。已经探索了无机介孔底物的化学衍生以合成有机-无机纳米复合膜。这种方法最令人兴奋的功能是，它可以对膜纳米结构进行合理的工程设计，并具有对自由体积和化学性质的独立控制，以创建具有高度可定制的渗透选择性的膜。在本研究中，我们合成了有机-无机纳米复合膜通过装饰市售中孔氧化铝基材的表面以及放置在市售大孔无机基材上的表面活性剂模板的高度有序中孔硅酸盐薄膜，并采用物理或化学方式固定在多孔表面上的选择性有机材料;超支化三聚氰胺具有纳米尺寸和旨在针对某些组分的化学成分的树枝状大分子用作填充剂。我们评估了这些膜的几种与环境相关的分离，例如从空气中回收高级碳氢化合物以及从空气或水中去除痕量VOC，同时探讨了有机低聚物的大小，化学性质，表面覆盖率以及底物的影响孔径和结构，对膜性能的影响。首先，我们进行了模型研究，以验证通过使用有序介孔二氧化硅在树枝状大分子内部生长树枝状大分子的可行性。制备了氧化铝有序介孔二氧化硅（alumina-OMS）杂化膜作为新型无机多孔基质。最后，我们通过直接从市售氧化铝膜上生长几代具有各种功能基团的三聚氰胺基树枝状聚合物来合成树枝状聚合物-陶瓷纳米复合膜。复合膜对丙烷/氮气的选择性高达70。

著录项

  • 作者

    Yoo, Suk Joon.;

  • 作者单位

    Texas A&M University.;

  • 授予单位 Texas A&M University.;
  • 学科 Engineering Chemical.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2006
  • 页码 199 p.
  • 总页数 199
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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