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The morphology study of zinc electrodeposits from alkaline zincate solutions.

机译：碱性锌酸盐溶液中锌电沉积物的形态研究。

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摘要

The morphology of zinc deposited from alkaline zincate solutions was systematically investigated over a wide range of deposition conditions using in situ microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The effects of the deposition conditions were studied using an innovatively modified Hull Cell, and a functional morphology diagram was constructed. Preferred orientations of the specific morphologies, dendrites and single zinc filaments, were determined using powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) and selected area electron diffraction (SAD).;Individual dendrites were found to grow on the {1010} planes in the [1120] direction, while single zinc filaments were determined to grow on the (0001) plane in the and [11 20] (or [1010]) directions. Adatom attachment mode for the dendrites was found to be direct attachment, while for the filaments attachment was by surface diffusion.;For the first time, the morphology, the initiation and growth mechanisms of filamentous mossy have been explained. It is proposed that zinc filaments initiate due to the fast growth on new clusters grown from surface inhomogeneities. The size of zinc filaments is found to be inversely proportional to the crystallization overpotential. The change of growth direction from to [11 20] (or [1010]) and the random growth in six symmetrical [1120] (or [1010]) directions were demonstrated to be the cause for the entanglement of mossy zinc.;The study revealed that zinc morphology is determined by the electrochemical ratecontrolling mechanisms of mass transfer and charge transfer which depend on deposition conditions, and by adatom attachment modes determined by the specific crystal lattice configuration. The work provides a frame work for morphology control in zinc deposits.;The zinc deposition morphologies were categorized as heavy spongy, dendritic, boulder, layer-like, and filamentous mossy. The study showed that heavy spongy morphology is a result of non-equilibrium nucleation and is promoted by stirring. The initiation and growth of dendrites are under diffusion control. The growth of boulder morphology is under mixed activation and diffusion control. The formation of layer-like and filamentous mossy morphologies is under activation control.
机译：使用原位显微镜，扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和透射电子显微镜（TEM）在广泛的沉积条件下系统地研究了从碱性锌酸盐溶液中沉积的锌的形态。使用创新改良的赫尔电池研究了沉积条件的影响，并构建了功能形态图。使用粉末X射线衍射（XRD）和选择区域电子衍射（SAD）确定了特定形态，树枝状晶体和单根锌丝的优选取向。;发现单个树枝状晶体在[1120]的{1010}平面上生长确定在[11 20]（或[1010]）方向上在（0001）面上生长单个锌丝。树突的吸附原子附着方式是直接附着，而长丝的附着方式是通过表面扩散。首次解释了丝状苔藓的形态，形成和生长机理。提出锌丝是由于表面不均匀性而在新簇上快速生长而引发的。发现锌丝的尺寸与结晶超电势成反比。生长方向从改变为[11 20]（或[1010]），并在六个对称的[1120]（或[1010]）方向上随机生长是导致苔藓锌缠结的原因。揭示锌的形态是由取决于沉积条件的传质和电荷转移的电化学速率控制机制以及特定晶格构型所确定的原子附着模式决定的。该工作为锌沉积物的形态控制提供了框架。锌的沉积形态被分类为重海绵状，树状，巨石状，层状和丝状苔藓状。研究表明，重的海绵状形态是非平衡成核的结果，并通过搅拌而促进。树突的起始和生长在扩散控制下。巨石形态的生长受混合活化和扩散控制。层状和丝状苔藓形态的形成处于激活控制之下。

著录项

  • 作者

    Wang, Rainey Yu.;

  • 作者单位

    University of Toronto (Canada).;

  • 授予单位 University of Toronto (Canada).;
  • 学科 Engineering Chemical.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2006
  • 页码 163 p.
  • 总页数 163
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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