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首页> 外文学位 >The effects of fire and fuels reduction treatments on fire hazard and soil carbon respiration in a Sierra Nevada pine plantation.
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The effects of fire and fuels reduction treatments on fire hazard and soil carbon respiration in a Sierra Nevada pine plantation.

机译：内华达山脉松树林中减少火种和燃料的措施对火灾和土壤碳呼吸的影响。

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Throughout fire-adapted forests of the western US, and in the Sierra Nevada of California specifically, wildfire suppression has produced forest structures conducive to more severe, costly, and ecologically deleterious fires. Recent legislation has identified the necessity of management practices that manipulate forests towards less fire-hazardous structures. In the ∼30 year old pine plantations of the Stanislaus National Forest, extensive fuels reduction procedures are being implemented. This dissertation addresses whether silvicultural and burning treatments are effective at reducing the intensity and severity of potential fire behavior, and how, along with wildfire, these treatments impact the evolution of carbon dioxide from the soil to the atmosphere. The first chapter addresses the relationships between soil respiration, tree injury, and forest floor characteristics in high and low severity wildfire burn sites in a salvage-logged mixed-conifer forest. The results indicate that fire severity influences soil CO2 efflux and should be considered in ecosystem carbon modeling. In the next chapter, fire models suggest that mechanical shredding of understory vegetation (mastication) is detrimental, and prescribed fire most effective in reducing potential fire behavior and severity in pine plantations. The third chapter documents the impact of alternative fuels treatments on soil carbon respiration patterns in the pine plantations, and shows that mastication produces short-term reductions in respiration rates and soil moisture. The final chapter further examines the relationships of fire-induced tree injuries, forest floor structure, and environmental factors to soil respiration response to fuels treatments. Each chapter is written as an independent manuscript; they collectively serve to expand the limited understanding of the effectiveness and ecological consequences of fire and fuels treatments in coniferous forests.
机译：在美国西部，尤其是在加利福尼亚内华达州的整个森林中，抑制野火产生了有利于更严重，更昂贵和对生态有害的火灾的森林结构。最近的立法已经确定了管理实践的必要性，这些管理实践使森林朝着火灾危险较小的结构发展。在斯坦尼斯劳斯国家森林（Stanislaus National Forest）已有30年历史的松树人工林中，正在实施大量的减少燃料的程序。本文探讨了营林和焚烧处理是否能有效降低潜在火灾行为的强度和严重性，以及与野火一起这些处理如何影响二氧化碳从土壤到大气的排放。第一章探讨了在打捞采伐的针叶树混交林中高低烈度野火烧毁地点的土壤呼吸，树木伤害和林木特征之间的关系。结果表明，火灾严重程度影响土壤CO2排放，应在生态系统碳模型中予以考虑。在下一章中，火灾模型表明，对地下植被的机械粉碎（塑化）是有害的，规定的火灾最有效地减少了松树人工林的潜在火灾行为和严重程度。第三章记录了替代燃料处理对松人工林土壤碳呼吸模式的影响，并显示咀嚼会导致呼吸速率和土壤湿度的短期降低。最后一章进一步研究了火灾引起的树木伤害，森林地面结构和环境因素与土壤呼吸对燃料处理反应的关系。每章都是独立的手稿。它们共同作用是扩大对针叶林火和燃料处理的有效性和生态后果的有限了解。

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