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首页> 外文学位 >Application of gaseous disinfectants ozone and chlorine dioxide for inactivation of Bacillus subtilis spores.
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Application of gaseous disinfectants ozone and chlorine dioxide for inactivation of Bacillus subtilis spores.

机译：气态消毒剂臭氧和二氧化氯在枯草芽孢杆菌孢子灭活中的应用。

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A terrorist attack involving chemical and/or biological warfare agents is a growing possibility. Since anthrax is considered as an immediate public-health threat that can be created by a warfare agent, it is imperative to investigate the potential remediation technologies effective against this threat. In this study, the effectiveness of two gaseous disinfectants, ozone and chlorine dioxide, to inactivate B.subtilis spores---as surrogate to B.anthracis that can cause the infectious anthrax disease---was investigated. The inactivation rates and mechanisms of the spores by these disinfectants were investigated in both the gaseous and aqueous phases under various experimental conditions.; In the gaseous phase, chlorine dioxide was found to be at least ten times more effective than ozone for inactivation of the spores under the similar conditions. The rate of inactivation by both disinfectants increased with increasing gas concentration, contact time and relative humidity (RH). Inactivation was found impractical at humidity levels below 70%. The concentrationxtime, or the CT concept, was valid only under limited conditions. A diffusion limited disinfection model was proposed to mechanistically explain the deviations from the linear CT rule. The experiments with different surface materials showed that the type of surface on which the spores rest may affect the inactivation rate significantly.; In the aqueous phase, the CT concept was applicable to the inactivation rate data for both disinfectants. Ozone was shown to be much more effective than chlorine dioxide in inactivating spores in the aqueous phase.; The presence of the main growth nutrients was found to be essential for the growth and the resistance of the spores. The presence of several cations, especially magnesium and manganese, in the growth medium was required to create spores with high resistance against the gaseous disinfectants.; In conclusion, this research provides the groundwork for application of ozone and chlorine dioxide for remediation of an enclosed space that is subject to contamination by biological agents. In addition, it offers valuable kinetic and mechanistic information on the inactivation patterns of B.subtilis spores by ozone and chlorine dioxide in both the gaseous and the aqueous phases.
机译：涉及化学和/或生物战剂的恐怖袭击的可能性越来越大。由于炭疽被认为是由战争特工造成的直接公共卫生威胁，因此必须研究有效应对这种威胁的潜在补救技术。在这项研究中，研究了两种气态消毒剂，即臭氧和二氧化氯，能够灭活枯草芽孢杆菌的孢子，而枯草芽孢杆菌是可以引起传染性炭疽病的炭疽芽孢杆菌的替代物。在各种实验条件下，在气相和水相中研究了这些消毒剂对孢子的灭活速率和机理。在气相中，发现二氧化氯在类似条件下灭活孢子的效率至少比臭氧高十倍。两种消毒剂的灭活率随着气体浓度，接触时间和相对湿度（RH）的增加而增加。发现在低于70％的湿度下失活是不切实际的。浓度x时间或CT概念仅在有限条件下有效。提出了扩散限制消毒模型，以机械方式解释与线性CT规则的偏差。不同表面材料的实验表明，孢子停留在其上的表面类型可能会显着影响灭活速率。在水相中，CT概念适用于两种消毒剂的失活率数据。臭氧在灭活水相中的孢子方面比二氧化氯更有效。发现主要生长养分的存在对于孢子的生长和抗性至关重要。需要在生长培养基中存在几种阳离子，尤其是镁和锰，以产生对气态消毒剂具有高抵抗力的孢子。总而言之，这项研究为臭氧和二氧化氯用于修复受到生物制剂污染的封闭空间提供了基础。此外，它提供了关于枯草芽孢杆菌孢子在气相和水相中被臭氧和二氧化氯灭活的有价值的动力学和机理信息。

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