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首页> 外文学位 >Interactions between the wheat curl mite, Aceria tosichella Keifer (Eriophyidae), and wheat streak mosaic virus and distribution of wheat curl mite biotypes in the field.
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Interactions between the wheat curl mite, Aceria tosichella Keifer (Eriophyidae), and wheat streak mosaic virus and distribution of wheat curl mite biotypes in the field.

机译：小麦curl螨，Aceria tosichella Keifer（Eriophyidae）和小麦条纹花叶病毒之间的相互作用以及小麦curl螨生物型在田间的分布。

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摘要

The wheat curl mite (WCM), Aceria tosichella Keifer, is a vector of wheat streak mosaic virus (WSMV), the causal agent for wheat streak mosaic (WSM), a serious disease of winter wheat in the western Great Plains in the United States. WCM utilizes volunteer wheat as a "green bridge" host to over-summer and re-infest fall planted winter wheat. Therefore, the primary management of WCM and WSMV relies on managing the vector by eradicating the "green bridge" host. In some growing areas, mite-resistant wheat varieties have also been used.; The transmission efficiency of WSMV by different developmental stages of WCM was investigated by transferring single mites from infected plants onto uninfected plants at various stages and allowing them to establish colonies. WSMV was transmitted by all stages of WCM except the egg. When single mites were transferred at various growth stages, WSMV transmission rates varied. Adults that were transferred onto uninfected wheat plants transmitted WSMV 52% of the time, but nymphal mites transmitted 83% of the time. Mites transferred while in the quiescent stage before each molt transmitted virus 94% of the time, indicating that mites maintain their ability to transmit WSMV through each molt. These results indicate that all stages of WCM have significant ability to transmit WSMV.; The relationship between WSMV and WCM was studied by determining the impact of the presence of four cereal viruses in wheat on WCM reproduction. This relationship was also tested for three WCM biotypes (Nebraska, Montana, and South Dakota) on WSMV-infected wheat plants. WCM have increased ability to reproduce and maintain their population on WSMV-infected plants compared to other cereal virus-infected plants. This reproductive response varies among WCM biotypes, with only the 'NE biotype' showing increased reproduction. Increased reproduction rates of mites leads to greater potential for virus spread.; Because of the important biological differences between WCM biotypes, Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphisms (PCR-RFLP) of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and ribosomal DNA (rDNA) was used to examine genetic variation of WCM at various spacial scales in Nebraska, Kansas, and Montana wheat fields in 2003-2005. The PCR-RFLP results showed that WCM can be separated into two types, type 1 (NE biotype) and type 2 (all other biotypes). The analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) showed that the majority of the WCM genetic variability occurred within wheat heads (∼50%) compared to sites within fields, fields or states. Even though extensive mixing of populations occurred within wheat heads, a low amount of interbreeding was found in western NE in 2004 (8.4%). These results indicate that WCM biotypes are regionally mixed and the development and deployment of mite-resistant wheat varieties must account for the widespread presence of these biotypes.
机译：小麦curl螨（Aceria tosichella Keifer）是小麦条纹花叶病毒（WSMV）的载体，小麦条纹花叶病毒（WSMV）是小麦条纹花叶病（WSM）的病原体，是美国西部大平原的冬小麦的严重病害。 。 WCM利用志愿小麦作为“绿桥”主办地，以应对夏季过度播种并重新感染秋季播种的冬小麦。因此，WCM和WSMV的主要管理依赖于通过消除“绿桥”主机来管理向量。在一些产区，还使用了抗螨小麦品种。通过将单个螨虫从感染植物转移到未感染植物的各个阶段，并使其建立菌落，研究了WCM在WCM不同发育阶段的传播效率。 WSMV由WCM的所有阶段（卵除外）传播。当单个螨虫在不同的生长阶段转移时，WSMV传播速率会发生变化。转移到未感染的小麦植物上的成虫传播WSMV的时间为52％，但若虫螨传播的时间为83％。螨虫在静止期转移的过程中，每只蜕皮菌在94％的时间内传播了病毒，这表明螨虫保持了通过每种蜕皮菌传播WSMV的能力。这些结果表明WCM的所有阶段都具有显着的WSMV传输能力。通过确定小麦中四种谷物病毒的存在对WCM繁殖的影响，研究了WSMV和WCM之间的关系。还针对WSMV感染的小麦植物上的三种WCM生物型（内布拉斯加州，蒙大拿州和南达科他州）测试了这种关系。与其他谷物病毒感染的植物相比，WCM在WSMV感染的植物上繁殖和维持种群的能力增强。这种生殖反应在WCM生物型之间有所不同，只有“ NE生物型”显示出增加的生殖。螨虫繁殖率的提高导致病毒传播的潜力更大。由于WCM生物型之间存在重要的生物学差异，因此使用线粒体DNA（mtDNA）和核糖体DNA（rDNA）的聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性（PCR-RFLP）来检查内布拉斯加州各种空间尺度的WCM遗传变异，堪萨斯州和蒙大拿州的麦田，2003-2005年。 PCR-RFLP结果表明，WCM可以分为两种类型，即1型（NE生物型）和2型（所有其他生物型）。分子变异分析（AMOVA）表明，与田间，田间或州内的位点相比，WCM的大部分遗传变异发生在小麦头内（约50％）。尽管小麦头内部发生了广泛的种群混合，但2004年东北部东北地区发现的杂种数量很少（8.4％）。这些结果表明，WCM生物型在区域上是混杂的，抗螨虫小麦品种的开发和应用必须说明这些生物型的广泛存在。

著录项

  • 作者

    Siriwetwiwat, Benjawan.;

  • 作者单位

    The University of Nebraska - Lincoln.;

  • 授予单位 The University of Nebraska - Lincoln.;
  • 学科 Biology Entomology.; Agriculture Plant Pathology.; Biology Virology.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2006
  • 页码 172 p.
  • 总页数 172
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 昆虫学;植物病理学;
  • 关键词

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