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Utilization of oil crop residues for enhanced algae based production of lipids, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and protein.

机译：利用油料作物残渣增强藻类生产脂质，多不饱和脂肪酸和蛋白质的能力。

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摘要

Microalgae are capable of synthesizing many high value compounds, such as lipids, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), and proteins, and therefore considered potential feedstock for production of biodiesel, nutraceuticals, and animal feeds. The synthesis and accumulation of lipids, PUFAs, and proteins are influenced by such factors as microalgae strain, trophic conversion mode of growth, nutrient supply, and light and temperature conditions. Regulation of these factors must take cost issue into account. The goal of this research was to investigate the use of oil crop biomass residue (OCBR), a low-cost material from oil extraction plants, to cultivate specific algae strains for targeted production of lipids, PUFAs, and proteins.;The specific objectives of present thesis were: 1) to optimize the conditions for acid hydrolysis of OCBR for best yield and desirable profile of nutrients; 2) to evaluate microalgae growth on different OCBR media; 3) to characterize the chemical compositions especially the lipid, protein and EPA contents in the harvested algal biomass as affected by culture media; 4) to study the effect of temperature and growth phase on algae EPA synthesis.;The one-factor-at-a-time experimental design was used to optimize the acid hydrolysis conditions based on the key nutrient level including the total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), chemical oxygen demand (COD) and ammonia nitrogen (NH4-N) in the hydrolysates. The optimal conditions were found to be using 3 % sulfuric acid and hydrolyzing residues at 90 °C for 20 hrs. The hydrolysates (OCBR media) produced under the optimal conditions were used to cultivate two algae strains, namely UM258 and UM268. The results from 5 days of cultivation showed that the best OCBR media supported faster algae growth than artificial media, with maximal algal biomass yield of 2.7 g/L and 3 g/L, respectively. Moreover, the total lipids after 5 days cultivation for UM258 and UM268 were 54 % and 35%, respectively. The OCBR also promoted protein accumulation in UM 268 compared with artificial media. Temperature-time interaction-effect on EPA synthesis was observed. Temperature of 20 °C and time of longer than 6 days of cultivation (after algae reach stationary phase), were found optimal for EPA accumulation for UM258 with EPA reaching 18% in total fatty acids.;The results suggest that OCBR media are an excellent alternative for algae growth and have great potential for large scale productions of algae based ingredients for biodiesel, high value foods and animal feeds.
机译：微藻能够合成许多高价值的化合物，例如脂质，多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）和蛋白质，因此被认为是生产生物柴油，营养食品和动物饲料的潜在原料。脂质，PUFA和蛋白质的合成和积累受多种因素影响，例如微藻菌株，营养的生长转化模式，营养供应以及光照和温度条件。这些因素的调节必须考虑成本问题。这项研究的目的是研究使用油料作物生物质残渣（OCBR）（一种来自采油厂的低成本材料）来培养特定的藻类菌株，以有针对性地生产脂质，PUFA和蛋白质。目前的研究成果是：1）优化OCBR的酸水解条件，以获得最佳的产量和所需的养分状况。 2）评价不同OCBR培养基上微藻的生长； 3）表征受培养基影响的收获藻类生物质中的化学成分，尤其是脂质，蛋白质和EPA的含量； 4）研究温度和生长期对藻类EPA合成的影响。;基于关键营养物水平（包括总氮（TN）），采用单因素一次实验设计优化酸水解条件，水解物中的总磷（TP），化学需氧量（COD）和氨氮（NH4-N）。发现最佳条件是使用3％硫酸并在90°C下水解残留物20个小时。在最佳条件下产生的水解产物（OCBR培养基）用于培养两个藻类菌株，即UM258和UM268。 5天的培养结果表明，最好的OCBR培养基比人工培养基支持更快的藻类生长，最大藻类生物量产量分别为2.7 g / L和3 g / L。此外，培养5天后UM258和UM268的总脂质分别为54％和35％。与人工培养基相比，OCBR还促进了UM 268中的蛋白质积累。观察到温度-时间相互作用对EPA合成的影响。发现20°C的温度和超过6天的培养时间（藻类达到固定相后）对于UM258的EPA积累是最理想的，EPA占总脂肪酸的18％。；结果表明OCBR培养基是一种出色的培养基藻类生长的替代品，具有大规模生产用于生物柴油，高价值食品和动物饲料的藻类成分的巨大潜力。

著录项

  • 作者

    Wang, Zhen.;

  • 作者单位

    University of Minnesota.;

  • 授予单位 University of Minnesota.;
  • 学科 Food science.;Biochemistry.
  • 学位 M.S.
  • 年度 2013
  • 页码 87 p.
  • 总页数 87
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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