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The relationship between social cognition and bipolar disorder with and without psychotic features.

机译：社会认知与有无精神病特征的躁郁症之间的关系。

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摘要

Bipolar disorder (BD) is characterized by both neurocognitive and social cognitive impairments, though research on social cognitive impairments in this population remains still sparse. Existing findings on such impairments generally suggest that individuals with this disorder exhibit deficits in theory of mind and emotional recognition. However, studies on emotional recognition are mixed and some findings have recently suggested that individuals with BD do not exhibit substantial impairments in this domain. Surprisingly, no studies have yet controlled for the presence of psychosis in BD as a moderating factor influencing performance. This is an issue, as individuals with a history of psychotic features (BD+) exhibit additional neurocognitive impairments that are spared in individuals without such a history (BD-). In addition to this, studies on social cognition in schizophrenia (SZ) confirm that both positive and negative symptoms correlate strongly with performance.;The current investigation therefore set out to resolve some of the inconsistencies of previous studies as well as be among the first to separate BD+ and BD- groups, while also examining a third normal control (NC) group for comparison. All groups had 24 participants and did not differ on age, gender, years of education, socioeconomic status, or IQ. Participants with BD were euthymic and had no significant mood episodes in the month prior to assessment. Based on the literature, it was hypothesized that individuals with BD+ would exhibit substantial impairments in emotional recognition compared to controls, while those with BD- have relative sparing. It was also hypothesized that individuals with BD+ would exhibit impairments on social perception, given that this population generally has more functional impairment and cognitive deficits than individuals with BD-. Theory of mind (ToM) was divided into two subtypes: affective ToM and cognitive ToM. Based on preexisting studies, we hypothesized that cognitive, but not affective ToM, would be impaired in both BD groups while affective ToM would only be impaired in the BD+ group.;Three of our four null hypotheses were rejected and suggested that individuals with BD+ do have impairment on social perception and emotional recognition compared to individuals with BD- and controls, while individuals with BD+ and BD- had impairment on cognitive ToM compared to controls. Factor and correlational analyses did not support the structure of the proposed social cognitive constructs, so additional exploratory analyses compared groups on the individual tests. Results suggested that the BD+ group performed poorest on an auditory affect identification task and the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale - Third Edition Picture Arrangement subtest (WAIS-III PA), and that both groups did poorly on a cognitive ToM task. The WAIS-III PA and auditory task remained significant after controlling for relevant clinical and symptom rating variables. These results provide additional hypotheses regarding the underlying social cognitive and neurological impairments found in BD, and the unique impairments exhibited by the subset of patients who have a history of psychosis.
机译：双相情感障碍（BD）的特征在于神经认知和社会认知障碍，尽管对该人群的社会认知障碍的研究仍然很少。关于这种障碍的现有发现通常表明患有这种障碍的人在思想和情感认知方面表现出缺陷。然而，关于情绪识别的研究好坏参半，最近的一些发现表明，患有BD的人在这一领域没有表现出实质性的损害。出人意料的是，尚无任何研究可控制BD中的精神病作为影响性能的调节因素。这是一个问题，因为具有精神病史（BD +）的个体表现出其他神经认知障碍，而没有这种病史（BD-）的个体可以幸免。除此之外，关于精神分裂症（SZ）的社会认知研究证实，积极和消极症状都与表现密切相关;因此，本研究旨在解决先前研究中的一些矛盾之处，并且也是最早的研究之一。将BD +和BD-组分开，同时还要检查第三个正常对照组（NC）进行比较。所有组都有24名参与者，并且在年龄，性别，受教育年限，社会经济地位或智商方面没有差异。评估前，BD患者参加了正常的活动，没有明显的情绪发作。根据文献，假设与对照组相比，BD +的个体在情绪识别方面表现出明显的损害，而BD-的个体则相对较少。还假设BD +的个体会表现出社交知觉障碍，因为与BD-的个体相比，该人群通常具有更多的功能障碍和认知缺陷。心理理论（ToM）分为两个子类型：情感ToM和认知ToM。根据先前的研究，我们假设两个BD组都会损害认知而不是情感ToM，而BD +组只会损害情感ToM .;我们的四个无效假设中的三个被拒绝，表明BD +个体确实与具有BD-和对照组的个体相比，对社交知觉和情感识别有损害，而具有BD +和BD-的个体与对照组相比，对认知能力有损害。因子分析和相关分析不支持所提出的社会认知结构的结构，因此，其他探索性分析将各个测试的组进行了比较。结果表明，BD +组在听觉情感识别任务和Wechsler成人智力量表-第三版图片排列子测验（WAIS-III PA）上的表现最差，而两组在认知ToM任务上的表现都较差。控制相关的临床和症状分级变量后，WAIS-III PA和听觉任务仍然很重要。这些结果提供了有关BD中潜在的潜在社会认知和神经功能障碍以及具有精神病史的患者亚群所表现出的独特障碍的其他假设。

著录项

  • 作者

    Thaler, Nicholas Shizuo.;

  • 作者单位

    University of Nevada, Las Vegas.;

  • 授予单位 University of Nevada, Las Vegas.;
  • 学科 Sociology Theory and Methods.;Psychology General.;Health Sciences Mental Health.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2013
  • 页码 234 p.
  • 总页数 234
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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