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Development of indicators of urban quality of life through very high spatial resolution remote sensing: A case study of Hanoi.

机译：通过非常高分辨率的遥感技术发展城市生活质量的指标：以河内为例。

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摘要

In studies of urban quality of life, the information that can be extracted from satellite images is limited by image resolution and by the standard method of pixel classification. Recently, very high spatial resolution (VHSR) satellite images have allowed the development of new remote sensing application, especially for complex urban areas. Despite of the numerous advantages of the object-oriented approach for VHSR image processing, the parameters used to carry it out, especially at the object creation stage, are not very well documented. Moreover, the evaluation of urban quality of life has never considered the perception of inhabitants of the zones under study. This dissertation therefore addresses these two issues and aims 1) at testing a systematic ways of achieving the best parameters for object-oriented classification with the software Definiens and 2) at quantifying the relation between objective indicators and perceived satisfaction.;Our results show that it is possible to classify land occupation types with a good accuracy: our average accuracy rate is 80.5%. As for the weight of quality of life indicators, our results allow us to make methodological and interpretative contributions. Contrary to previous work, our method allows us to evaluate the explanatory power of our model. Our regression shows that 22% of variation in . satisfaction towards commodity and nearly 54% of variation in satisfaction towards amenity can be attributed to our indicators. As for the nature of the factors playing a role in quality of life, our results show that the relation between indicators and perceived satisfaction is not linear, which had never been shown in previous studies. Satisfaction towards commodity increases when transportation and health care are both sufficient. Satisfaction towards amenity is on the other hand largely determined by residential space, while vegetation plays a minor role, contrary to what was found in the urban zones of developed countries.;Key words: very high resolution image, life quality, urban area, ordinal regression.;Hoan Kiem district, in Hanoi, Vietnam, was chosen as our zone of interest. The image used for this study is a 0,7m spatial resolution Quickbird image. In the first part of the dissertation, we identify eight land occupation classes on the image: lakes, river, parks, groups of trees along streets, isolated trees, large road and residential blocks. Using these classes and additional cartographic information, we calculate nine quality of life indicators that correspond to two central aspects of urban life: commodity (urban services) and amenity (urban landscape). For each group of indicators, we carried out a principal components analysis to obtain non-correlated components. We then conducted a survey with eight city planning experts who live and work in the zone under study to Obtain an assessment of the satisfaction of inhabitants towards their area of residence. The weight of each component in the determination of quality of life was achieved through an ordinal regression whose independent variables are the components and the dependent variable is the level of satisfaction as evaluated by the experts. The weights were then used to interpret the importance of our indicators for quality of life.
机译：在城市生活质量研究中，可以从卫星图像中提取的信息受到图像分辨率和像素分类标准方法的限制。最近，非常高的空间分辨率（VHSR）卫星图像已允许开发新的遥感应用程序，尤其是在复杂的城市地区。尽管面向对象的方法在VHSR图像处理中具有许多优点，但用于记录该参数的参数（尤其是在对象创建阶段）并未得到很好的记录。此外，对城市生活质量的评估从未考虑过研究区域居民的感知。因此，本文着眼于这两个问题，其目的是：1）测试使用Definiens软件实现面向对象分类的最佳参数的系统方法，以及2）量化客观指标与感知满意度之间的关系。可以对土地占用类型进行准确分类：我们的平均准确率为80.5％。至于生活质量指标的权重，我们的结果使我们能够做出方法论和解释性贡献。与以前的工作相反，我们的方法允许我们评估模型的解释力。我们的回归表明的变化为22％。对商品的满意度和对舒适度的满意度变化的近54％可以归因于我们的指标。至于影响生活质量的因素的性质，我们的结果表明，指标与感知满意度之间的关系不是线性的，这在以前的研究中从未发现过。如果运输和保健都足够，对商品的满意度就会提高。另一方面，对舒适性的满意程度很大程度上取决于居住空间，而植被所起的作用却不大，这与发达国家城市地区的情况恰恰相反。关键词：超高分辨率图像，生活质量，市区，顺序回归。;越南河内的还剑区被选为我们的关注区域。用于这项研究的图像是0,7m空间分辨率的Quickbird图像。在论文的第一部分，我们在图像上确定了八个土地占用类别：湖泊，河流，公园，沿街的树木群，孤立的树木，大路和住宅区。使用这些类别和其他制图信息，我们计算出九种生活质量指标，这些指标与城市生活的两个主要方面相对应：商品（城市服务）和舒适性（城市景观）。对于每组指标，我们进行了主成分分析以获得不相关的成分。然后，我们对八位在所研究地区生活和工作的城市规划专家进行了一项调查，以评估居民对其居住地区的满意度。生活质量确定中各个组成部分的权重是通过有序回归获得的，该回归的独立变量是组成部分，因变量是专家评估的满意度。然后使用权重来解释我们的生活质量指标的重要性。

著录项

  • 作者

    Pham, Thi Thanh Hien.;

  • 作者单位

    Universite de Sherbrooke (Canada).;

  • 授予单位 Universite de Sherbrooke (Canada).;
  • 学科 Geography.;Urban and Regional Planning.;Remote Sensing.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2010
  • 页码 202 p.
  • 总页数 202
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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