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Dynamic Soil-Structure-Interaction Analysis of Structures in Dense Urban Environments.

机译：密集城市环境中结构的动态土-结构-相互作用分析。

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摘要

A series of centrifuge experiments were performed at which examined aspects of soil-structure interaction (SSI) or structure-soil-structure interaction (SSSI) through the use of nonlinear structural model buildings situated on different foundations that were supported on deep sand deposits. The centrifuge experiments created a suite of small-scale physical model "case histories" that provided "data" and insight that could be extended through calibrated numerical simulations. The results of the first three centrifuge experiments in the test series (i.e., Test-1, Test-2, and Test-3) were utilized in this dissertation.;Test-1 and Test-2 examined SSI and SSSI effects of two moment-resisting frames (MRFs). Test-1 employed a solitary 3-story (prototype) MRF founded on shallow spread footings and a solitary 9-story (prototype) MRF founded on a deep basement (equivalent to 3-stories, prototype) to investigate SSI effects. In Test-2, the 3-story (prototype) and 9-story (prototype) MRFs were placed immediately adjacent to one another to examine SSSI effects. Kinematic interaction effects were primarily observed in these tests. Hence, Test-3 was designed to investigate inertial interaction effects. Three structures were included in Test-3: two MRFs founded on shallow spread footings and one elastic shear-wall structure on a mat foundation. Each of these structures was designed to maximize inertial interaction by: (1) matching the flexible base period of each structure to the soil column to induce resonance, and (2) optimizing structural properties to increase inertial interaction effects. One MRF was positioned alone at one end of the centrifuge model, a SSI condition, and the other MRF and the elastic shear-wall structure were positioned immediately adjacent to each other in the other end of the centrifuge model, a SSSI condition.;The rich data set developed through the centrifuge experiments formed the basis of the initial FLAC analyses. A critical aspect of any seismic analysis is the constitutive model used to capture the soil response to cyclic loading. Several soil models were examined during an initial seismic site response analysis. Free-field data from sensors located within the centrifuge soil column were used to quantify the vertical propagation of ground motions through the soil profile. T.;After successfully capturing the free-field seismic site responses of Test-1 and Test-2, the dynamic responses of the structural models were examined. Each structure was modeled satisfactorily with a two-dimensional, plane-strain numerical model. Engineering design parameters (EDPs) were computed for key structural responses, including (1) transient peak roof drift, (2) residual roof drift, (3) transient peak displacement and (4) peak acceleration at the center of mass of the structure. Additionally, the acceleration time histories and pseudo-acceleration response spectra at the center of mass of the structure for each motion were examined. These metrics were used to compare the numerically estimated dynamic responses with those recorded in the centrifuge experiments. The dynamic response of the 3-story (prototype) MRF estimated with the numerical model was in close agreement with the observed experimental data for both the SSI (Test-1) and SSSI (Test-2) configurations. The more complicated 9-story (prototype) model exhibited greater sensitivity to numerical system inputs, including fixed-base fundamental period and applied structural Rayleigh damping.;Finally, two prototypical structures were examined. The first, a 3-story MRF, was the model upon which the centrifuge 3-story (prototype) model was based (Ganuza, 2006). Both solitary (SSI) and adjacent (SSSI) configurations were considered for this prototypical 3-story MRF founded on a dense sand soil column. The dynamic responses of the MRF for the solitary (SSI) condition paralleled those observed in the centrifuge experiments. For the considered configurations of adjacent low-rise structures, SSSI effects were found to be either negligible or only slightly beneficial or detrimental for the five ground motions utilized for dynamic analysis. The other prototypical MRF, a 5-story structure, was a simplified version of a typical, medium-rise structure (Ganuza, 2006). The 5-story MRF exhibited dynamic responses consistent with previous work. Amplification was observed at (1) the first and second modes of vibration of the structure, (2) the site period, and (3) the mean period of the motion. Further research is needed to study and more fully quantify SSSI effects for a wider set of structures, adjacent configurations, and ground motions. (Abstract shortened by UMI.).
机译：进行了一系列离心实验，通过使用位于深沙沉积物支撑下的不同基础上的非线性结构模型建筑，研究了土壤-结构相互作用（SSI）或结构-土壤-结构相互作用（SSSI）的各个方面。离心机实验创建了一套小规模的物理模型“案例历史”，提供了“数据”和见解，可以通过校准的数值模拟来扩展。本文利用测试系列的前三个离心机实验的结果（即Test-1，Test-2和Test-3）进行测试。Test-1和Test-2检查了两个时刻的SSI和SSSI效应抵抗帧（MRF）。测试1采用了一个基于浅层展开基础的3层（原型）MRF和一个基于较深地下室（3层，原型）的9层MRF（原型）来研究SSI效果。在测试2中，将3层（原型）和9层（原型）MRF彼此紧邻放置以检查SSSI效果。在这些测试中主要观察到运动学相互作用的影响。因此，Test-3被设计用来研究惯性相互作用的影响。 Test-3中包括三个结构：两个MRF建立在浅层展开基础上，一个MRF构造在垫层基础上。这些结构中的每一个都被设计为通过以下方式使惯性相互作用最大化：（1）将每个结构的柔性基础周期与土柱匹配以引起共振，以及（2）优化结构特性以增加惯性相互作用效果。一个MRF单独放置在离心模型的一端（SSI条件），另一个MRF和弹性剪力墙结构紧挨着放置在离心模型的另一端（SSSI条件）。通过离心实验获得的丰富数据集构成了初始FLAC分析的基础。任何地震分析的一个关键方面是本构模型，该模型用于捕获土壤对循环载荷的响应。在最初的地震现场响应分析中检查了几种土壤模型。来自位于离心机土壤柱内的传感器的自由场数据用于量化土壤运动在土壤剖面中的垂直传播。在成功捕获了Test-1和Test-2的自由场地震现场响应之后，检查了结构模型的动力响应。使用二维平面应变数值模型可以令人满意地对每个结构进行建模。计算了关键结构响应的工程设计参数（EDP），包括（1）屋顶顶棚的瞬态峰值漂移，（2）屋顶顶棚的残余漂移，（3）瞬态峰值位移和（4）结构质心处的峰值加速度。此外，检查了每次运动在结构质心处的加速时间历史和伪加速响应谱。这些指标用于将数值估算的动态响应与离心实验中记录的动态响应进行比较。用数值模型估算的3层（原型）MRF的动态响应与SSI（Test-1）和SSSI（Test-2）配置的观察到的实验数据非常吻合。较复杂的9层（原型）模型对数值系统输入（包括固定基数基本周期和应用的结构瑞利阻尼）表现出更高的敏感性。最后，检查了两个原型结构。第一个是3层MRF，是离心机3层（原型）模型所基于的模型（Ganuza，2006年）。对于在稠密的沙土柱上建立的这种三层原型MRF，考虑了单独（SSI）和相邻（SSSI）构型。 MRF对单独（SSI）条件的动态响应与离心实验中观察到的动态响应相似。对于考虑的相邻低层结构的构型，对于用于动态分析的五个地震动，SSSI的影响可以忽略不计，或者仅略微有益或有害。另一个原型MRF是5层结构，是典型的中层结构的简化版本（Ganuza，2006）。 5层MRF表现出与先前工作一致的动态响应。在（1）结构的第一和第二振动模式，（2）定位周期和（3）运动的平均周期观察到放大。需要进一步的研究来研究和更充分地量化SSSI对更广泛的结构，相邻配置和地震动的影响。 （摘要由UMI缩短。）。

著录项

  • 作者

    Jones, Katherine Carys.;

  • 作者单位

    University of California, Berkeley.;

  • 授予单位 University of California, Berkeley.;
  • 学科 Engineering Civil.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2013
  • 页码 351 p.
  • 总页数 351
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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