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Emile Meyerson's neo-Kantian epistemologie : An interpretationand defense.

机译:埃米尔·迈耶森(Emile Meyerson)的新康德认识论:一种解释和辩护。

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摘要

Emile Meyerson (1859-1933) helped inaugurate a philosophical tradition in early twentieth-century France --- epistemologie --- which harkened back to Auguste Comte's historical method, analyzing science in order to grasp the nature of human reason, while rejecting orthodox positivism. Meyerson's own epistemologie had ambitious, specifically Kantian, aims: to reveal principles universally necessary for scientific knowledge, thereby providing "prolegomena to all future metaphysics." This historicized Kantianism was the centerpiece of a vibrant intellectual circle -- the "Meyerson Circle" -- which included such luminaries as Alexandre Koyre, Helene Metzger, Leon Brunschvicg, Lucien Levy-Bruhl, and Gaston Bachelard.;This dissertation contextualizes Meyerson's epistemologie historically -- focusing on both the preceding French traditions of positivism, spiritualism, neo-Kantianism, and conventionalism and how Meyerson's views anticipate such thinkers as Quine and Kuhn -- and assesses its viability as a philosophical project today. My aim is to revitalize a broadly neo-Kantian approach to epistemology, which bears in fruitful ways on contemporary problems in philosophy of science -- and philosophy more broadly -- while remaining distinct from other neo-Kantianisms defended today. Specifically, I argue that Meyerson is unique for accepting epistemological holism along with a Kantian commitment to the essential "oneness" of human reason; and defending a distinctive brand of scientific realism along with a Kantian commitment to the essential unknowability of nature in itself. I conclude by showing how Meyerson's epistemologie provides a powerful framework for practicing a historically-grounded form of philosophy today.;While some of these thinkers are now garnering interest among Anglo-American philosophers -- especially in light of "historical epistemology" (see Ian Hacking, Lorrain Daston, and Arnold Davidson) and revitalized post-Kuhnian concerns about the rationality of science (see Michael Friedman) -- Meyerson's own contributions remain underappreciated. Despite his role as intellectual godfather and praise from such readers as Albert Einstein, Louis de Broglie, Ernst Cassirer, Walter Benjamin, Arthur Lovejoy, Karl Popper, W. V. O. Quine, and Thomas Kuhn, no books and only a few articles have been published on Meyerson in English since 1966. This is unfortunate especially given his relevance for contemporary interest in neo-Kantian approaches to the history and philosophy of science.
机译:埃米尔·迈耶森(Emile Meyerson(1859-1933))在20世纪初的法国帮助创立了哲学传统-认识论-追溯到奥古斯特·孔德(Auguste Comte)的历史方法,分析科学以掌握人类理性的本质,同时拒绝正统的实证主义。 。迈耶森自己的认识论具有雄心勃勃的目标,特别是康德(Kantian)的目标是:揭示普遍存在的科学知识所必需的原理,从而为“所有未来形而上学提供序言”。这种历史化的康德主义是一个充满活力的知识分子圈子的中心,即“迈森圈子”,其中包括亚历山大·科伊尔,海伦·梅茨格,莱昂·布伦施维格,卢西安·列维·布鲁尔和加斯顿·巴切拉德等名人。 -着眼于法国先前的实证主义,唯心主义,新康德主义和传统主义传统,以及梅耶森的观点如何预见奎因和库恩等思想家,并评估其作为当今哲学项目的可行性。我的目标是振兴广泛的新康德主义的认识论方法,该方法以富有成果的方式论证了科学哲学(以及更广泛的哲学)中的当代问题,同时与当今捍卫的其他新康德主义不同。具体来说,我认为迈耶森在接受认识论整体论以及康德对人类理性的基本“一体性”的承诺方面是独一无二的。并捍卫独特的科学现实主义品牌,以及康德对自然本质不可知的承诺。最后,我将展示梅耶森的认识论如何为当今实践以历史为基础的哲学形式提供有力的框架。;尽管其中一些思想家现在引起了英美哲学家的关注,尤其是考虑到“历史认识论”(参见伊恩哈金(Hacking),洛林·达斯顿(Lorrain Daston)和阿诺德·戴维森(Arnold Davidson),以及后库恩时代对科学合理性的担忧(见迈克尔·弗里德曼(Michael Friedman))–梅尔森自己的贡献仍然被低估。尽管他是知识分子的教父,并且得到了阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦,路易斯·德布罗意,恩斯特·卡西尔,沃尔特·本杰明,亚瑟·洛夫乔伊,卡尔·波普尔,WVO奎因和托马斯·库恩等读者的称赞,但在梅耶森上还没有书籍和几篇文章发表过自1966年以来一直以英语授课。这很不幸,尤其是考虑到他与当代对新康德的历史和科学哲学方法的兴趣有关。

著录项

  • 作者

    Mills, M. Anthony.;

  • 作者单位

    University of Notre Dame.;

  • 授予单位 University of Notre Dame.;
  • 学科 Philosophy of science.;Philosophy.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2016
  • 页码 389 p.
  • 总页数 389
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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