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On chip micro power self generator for Smart Pavement Material application.

机译：片上微功率自发电器，用于智能路面材料应用。

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摘要

Transportation agencies are spending considerable resources monitoring the status of roadways in many ways. Roadway monitoring is quite often done with low-tech and costly methods and only recently have more sophisticated approaches been implemented. Smart Pavement Material (SPM) is a stand-alone micro node device that can be embedded in the pavement and will operate with a long range life time and will be a highway sensor station. This SPM node will be equipped with its own on chip micro power generator unit and a short range broadband wireless unit. SPM node will operate without external power and wired communication services. SPM deployment will be a large distribution of the nodes along the highway with distances of 3'- 5' apart.;Two main operation duties of a SPM node are (a) sensing/processing that collects the information of the pavement and traffic and (b) interconnection that builds an embedded wireless network providing a communication service between the nodes. Primary applications of SPM will be pavement maintenance and an advanced traffic control system. Under SPM feasibility studies, the system components had been investigated and it was specified that an on chip power generator is the main component of SPM. It was determined that SPM performance and capabilities depend on node self-generating power. The study recognized that the main energy resource is vehicle mobility energy, which transfers to pavement. This research includes modeling and design of an SPM on chip micro power self generator. The major milestones of the research are: system conceptual planning, simulation and modeling, energy conversion assessment and the microgenerator design. The project results include: · Traffic mobility simulation model estimated the maximum SPM microgenerator charging/activation rate. In freeway roadway, this maximum is 9.2% of total daily traffic. This value at local collector road estimate is 51%. The mode specified the optimum location for the SPM node that can achieve a maximum charging. · Pavement response models and macro/ micro simulation models for study of the pavement response were developed. An emulated circuit to simulate the strain and stress of the pavement was presented. · Roadway pavement energy harvesting alternative analysis and multiple methods were described and analyzed. The results include multiple microstructures, which were proposed for the SPM microgenerator. The results show an electrostatic harvesting approach with multi plate cantilever structure can satisfy the requirement of the SPM node. This microgenerator will have a maximum power of 345 microW with initial 9 Vdc and use a dielectric material permittivity of 2800. · SPM micro power self generator design (layout, material and control circuits) was completed. The proposed fabrication processes including proposed lithography are included in the design. The design was prepared for a prototype SPM microgenerator element.
机译：运输机构正花费大量资源以多种方式监视道路状况。巷道监控通常使用技术含量低且成本高的方法完成，直到最近才实施了更为复杂的方法。智能路面材料（SPM）是一个独立的微节点设备，可以嵌入到路面中，使用寿命长，将成为高速公路传感器站。该SPM节点将配备其自己的片上微功率发生器单元和短距离宽带无线单元。 SPM节点将在没有外部电源和有线通信服务的情况下运行。 SPM的部署将是沿高速公路沿线各节点的大量分布，相距3'-5'。;SPM节点的两个主要操作职责是（a）感测/处理，收集路面和交通信息，以及（ b）互连，该互连可构建提供节点之间通信服务的嵌入式无线网络。 SPM的主要应用将是路面维护和先进的交通控制系统。在SPM可行性研究中，对系统组件进行了研究，并指定了片上发电机是SPM的主要组件。确定SPM性能和功能取决于节点的自发电能力。该研究认识到，主要能源是车辆移动性能量，该能量转移到人行道上。这项研究包括芯片上SPM微功率自发电器的建模和设计。该研究的主要里程碑是：系统概念规划，仿真和建模，能量转换评估和微型发电机设计。该项目的结果包括：·交通流动性仿真模型估计了SPM微型发电机的最大充电/激活率。在高速公路车道中，该最大值为每日总流量的9.2％。根据当地收集者道路估算，该值为51％。该模式指定了可以实现最大充电的SPM节点的最佳位置。 ·开发了路面响应模型和宏观/微观模拟模型，用于研究路面响应。提出了一种仿真电路来模拟路面的应变和应力。 ·描述并分析了巷道路面能量收集的替代分析和多种方法。结果包括为SPM微型发电机提出的多种微观结构。结果表明，采用多板悬臂结构的静电收集方法可以满足SPM节点的要求。该微型发电机在初始9 Vdc时将具有345 microW的最大功率，并使用2800的介电材料介电常数。·SPM微功率自发电器设计（布局，材料和控制电路）已完成。设计中包括建议的制造工艺，包括建议的光刻工艺。该设计是为原型SPM微型发电机元件准备的。

著录项

  • 作者

    Rezaei Homami, Hassan.;

  • 作者单位

    City University of New York.;

  • 授予单位 City University of New York.;
  • 学科 Engineering Electronics and Electrical.;Urban and Regional Planning.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2013
  • 页码 314 p.
  • 总页数 314
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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