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首页> 外文学位 >Development and Characterization of a Chemically Crosslinked Polyvinyl Alcohol/Polyethylene Glycol Hydrogel for Injectable Nucleus Pulposus Replacement.
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Development and Characterization of a Chemically Crosslinked Polyvinyl Alcohol/Polyethylene Glycol Hydrogel for Injectable Nucleus Pulposus Replacement.

机译：用于注射髓核置换的化学交联聚乙烯醇/聚乙二醇水凝胶的开发与表征。

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摘要

Low back pain caused by intervertebral disc degeneration is one of the most common spinal disorders among patients seeking medical treatment. The most common surgical treatments for disc degeneration are spinal fusion and total disc arthroplasty; both of which are very invasive surgical procedures. Spinal fusion results in a loss of spinal mobility and increased stress on adjacent intervertebral discs and while total disc arthroplasty retains spinal mobility it is not FDA approved for multilevel replacement. Nucleus pulposus replacement is an earlier stage intervention for disc degeneration before multilevel interventions are necessary. One of the material classes being studied for this application is hydrogel: a three-dimensional hydrated network of polymer(s), which mimics the mechanical and physiological properties of the nucleus.;Previous nucleus replacement materials have included the poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm) class of hydrogels and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) hydrogels; the PNIPAAm hydrogel disadvantages are the mechanical properties and implant shrinkage. While the PVA/PVP have the desired mechanical properties, they are molded into string form and injected percutaneously through a cannula. Due to this implantation method, there are issues with implant movement and expulsion from the injection site. This is due to the fact that the implant is a coiled string. PVA, PVP and poly (ethylene glycol) (PEG) hydrogels have previously been shown to be great candidate materials for injectable nucleus pulposus replacement, but have experienced issues with swelling and mass retention. The addition of chemical crosslinking to the PVA/PVP/PEG hydrogel system will allow tailoring of the swelling, mechanical, injectability and mass loss properties of the hydrogel network. Two chemical crosslinking methods were evaluated for the PVA/PVP/PEG hydrogel system, resulting in the selection of a difunctional crosslinking strategy using PEG functionalized with terminal epoxide group (PEG diglycidyl ether) (PEG-DGE). The PVA/PVP/PEG-DGE hydrogel system was characterized by compression and swelling experiments and then the structure-property relationship was determined with the addition of morphology, spectroscopy and crystallinity analysis. A purification technique was developed and optimized to reduce the mass loss of the hydrogel network and then the structure-property relationship of the new purified gel was investigated due to a change in the gelation mechanism of the network after purification. The unpurified and purified hydrogel formulations have mechanical and swelling properties in the desired range for nucleus replacement, in addition, the purified hydrogel showed low cytotoxicity. Also, the swelling mechanics of the hydrogel formulations were characterized in model osmotic solutions to simulate the intradiscal environment.
机译：椎间盘退变引起的腰痛是寻求治疗的患者中最常见的脊柱疾病之一。椎间盘退变最常见的外科治疗方法是脊柱融合术和全椎间盘置换术。两者都是非常侵入性的外科手术。脊柱融合术会导致脊柱活动度降低并增加相邻椎间盘的应力，虽然全椎间盘置换术保留了脊柱活动度，但尚未获得FDA批准进行多级置换。在需要多级干预之前，髓核置换是椎间盘退变的早期干预。正在为此应用研究的材料类别之一是水凝胶：一种聚合物的三维水合网络，其模仿细胞核的机械和生理特性。以前的细胞核替代材料包括聚N-异丙基丙烯酰胺（PNIPAAm）类水凝胶和聚乙烯醇（PVA）和聚乙烯吡咯烷酮（PVP）水凝胶； PNIPAAm水凝胶的缺点是机械性能和植入物收缩。尽管PVA / PVP具有所需的机械性能，但它们被模制成线状并通过套管经皮注射。由于这种植入方法，存在植入物移动和从注射部位排出的问题。这是由于植入物是螺旋线的事实。 PVA，PVP和聚（乙二醇）（PEG）水凝胶先前已被证明是可注射髓核置换的理想候选材料，但在溶胀和质量保留方面遇到了问题。将化学交联添加到PVA / PVP / PEG水凝胶系统中，将可以调整水凝胶网络的溶胀，机械，可注射性和质量损失特性。对PVA / PVP / PEG水凝胶系统评估了两种化学交联方法，从而选择了使用末端环氧基官能化的PEG（PEG二缩水甘油醚）（PEG-DGE）选择双官能交联策略。通过压缩和溶胀实验对PVA / PVP / PEG-DGE水凝胶体系进行了表征，然后通过形态学，光谱学和结晶度分析确定了结构-性质关系。开发并优化了纯化技术以减少水凝胶网络的质量损失，然后由于纯化后网络凝胶化机制的变化，研究了新的纯化凝胶的结构-性质关系。未纯化的和纯化的水凝胶制剂具有在所需的范围内的机械和溶胀性质以替代核，此外，纯化的水凝胶显示出低的细胞毒性。同样，在模型渗透溶液中表征水凝胶制剂的溶胀机理以模拟盘内环境。

著录项

  • 作者

    Binetti, Valerie Regina.;

  • 作者单位

    Drexel University.;

  • 授予单位 Drexel University.;
  • 学科 Plastics Technology.;Chemistry Polymer.;Engineering Biomedical.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2013
  • 页码 289 p.
  • 总页数 289
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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