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首页> 外文学位 >Assessment of resource selection using remote sensing and geographic information systems (GIS) for two vertebrates in disparate habitats: The gopher tortoise (Gopherus polyphemus) and the North Atlantic right whale (Eubalaena glacialis).
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Assessment of resource selection using remote sensing and geographic information systems (GIS) for two vertebrates in disparate habitats: The gopher tortoise (Gopherus polyphemus) and the North Atlantic right whale (Eubalaena glacialis).

机译：使用遥感和地理信息系统（GIS）对不同生境中的两个脊椎动物进行的资源选择评估：地鼠龟（Gopherus polyphemus）和北大西洋右鲸（Eubalaena glacialis）。

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This dissertation is a treatise on spatially-explicit resource selection on two very different vertebrate species. The North Atlantic right whale ( Eubalaena glacialis) is the most endangered large whales in the world. Ship strikes and fishing gear entanglement are impediments to recovery. The gopher tortoise (Gopherus polyphemus) is an imperiled species whose upland habitats are shrinking from urban and agricultural development. Determining spatial distribution of important resources is important for conservation strategies. Historical and modern thinking of habitat selection theory and analytical techniques are reviewed and applied to these species. Fine-scale resource selection of sea surface temperature (SST), derived from AVHRR imagery, is evaluated for right whales in the southeastern U.S. calving grounds. Aerial survey data (December-March, 1991-1998) including survey tracklines and right whale locations were entered into a Geographic Information Systems (GIS) for comparing whale use of SST to availability based on search effort. Using Monte Carlo techniques, mean and standard deviation for SSTs and latitudes of whale-sightings were compared to sampling distributions derived from available SSTs and latitudes. From these data, it was concluded that the North Atlantic right whale uses SSTs and latitudes non-randomly. Broad-scale habitat selection for gopher tortoises was evaluated from the 2003 Land Cover/Land Use map (Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission). Based on land cover and ancillary data, potential gopher tortoise habitat was developed for northeast Florida. Data collected at random field locations, including actual land cover type, vegetation structure, and gopher tortoise presence/absence were used to develop a spatially-explicit probabilistic (logistic regression) model, and associated uncertainty estimates, of gopher tortoise occupancy. Logistic regression was also used to develop a local model of habitat suitability based on vegetation structure. Exploratory analysis, based on AIC criterion, implied gopher tortoise presence was inhibited by understory vegetation and leaf litter, but probability of presence increased with additional ground cover. The potential for combining vegetation structure data with land cover data for refining the probabilistic model was explored. Following future model refinement and validation, a simple protocol is proposed for evaluating remaining gopher tortoise habitat for the state of Florida.
机译：本文是关于两种截然不同的脊椎动物物种在空间上明确选择资源的论文。北大西洋右鲸（Eubalaena glacialis）是世界上最濒危的大型鲸。罢工和渔具纠缠是恢复的障碍。地鼠龟（Gopherus polyphemus）是一种受威胁的物种，其高地栖息地由于城市和农业发展而不断缩小。确定重要资源的空间分布对于保护策略很重要。回顾了生境选择理论和分析技术的历史和现代思想，并将其应用于这些物种。评估了从AVHRR影像中提取的海面温度（SST）的精细资源，以评估美国东南部产犊场中的右鲸。航测数据（1991年12月至3月，1991-1998年）（包括调查航迹和露脊鲸的位置）已输入到地理信息系统（GIS）中，用于根据搜索工作将SST的鲸鱼使用与可利用性进行比较。使用蒙特卡洛技术，将SST和鲸鱼纬度的均值和标准差与从可用SST和纬度得出的采样分布进行了比较。从这些数据得出的结论是，北大西洋右鲸非随机地使用SST和纬度。根据2003年《土地覆被/土地利用》地图（佛罗里达鱼类和野生动物保护委员会）评估了地鼠的大型栖息地选择。根据土地覆盖和辅助数据，为佛罗里达州东北部开发了潜在的地鼠陆龟栖息地。在随机野外地点收集的数据，包括实际的土地覆盖类型，植被结构和地鼠的有/无，被用于建立地鼠概率的空间显式概率（逻辑回归）模型和相关的不确定性估计。 Logistic回归还用于基于植被结构开发栖息地适宜性的局部模型。根据AIC标准进行的探索性分析表明，地下植被和树叶凋落物抑制了地鼠乌龟的存在，但是随着地面覆盖的增加，地鼠的存在可能性也会增加。探索了将植被结构数据与土地覆盖数据相结合以完善概率模型的潜力。在未来的模型完善和验证之后，提出了一个简单的协议来评估佛罗里达州剩余的地鼠陆龟栖息地。

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