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首页> 外文学位 >Ambassadors at Dawn: Haitian thinkers in the French colonial context of the 19th and 20th centuries: The example of Jean Price-Mars (1876--1969).
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Ambassadors at Dawn: Haitian thinkers in the French colonial context of the 19th and 20th centuries: The example of Jean Price-Mars (1876--1969).

机译：黎明大使：19世纪和20世纪法国殖民时期的海地思想家：让·普赖斯·马斯（Jean Price-Mars，1876--1969年）的例子。

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摘要

Situated in the fields of French colonial history and the history of ideas, this dissertation argues that much of what had happened and was happening in Haiti in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries served as an exemplar and experimental ground in later postcolonial nation-building - especially in regards to national (Francophone Africa) or regional (French Antilles) identity construction. In particular, it challenges traditional historiography by suggesting that Haiti's exceptionalism, i.e., its radical revolution and its early decolonization, is outweighed by the commonalities of the problems that arise from (French) colonialism, its aftermath and continuation. Placing France and postcolonial Haiti in the same analytic field, this study focuses on a small but intellectually prolific French-speaking elite closely tied to France from which a number of important Haitian humanist thinkers arose. The latter, through their writings published in France, challenged both the allegedly scientific, and the ideological grounds on which colonial racism and practice were based. Much of this Haitian production, which has remained outside the Western intellectual mainstream, is (proto) anthropological or anthropologically relevant, heralding some of the major concerns and concepts of the modern discipline such as debunking the biological determinist assumptions about race and redressing ethnocentrism. Anthropology, historically Eurocentric and masculinist, was reappropriated and utilized early on by Haitian intellectuals to analyze their predicament concerning the dilemmas and restrictions of postcolonial sovereignty within a global colonial order.; In recapturing this local anthropological production - and social thought, more generally - and situating it in the French colonial context (late 19 th to mid twentieth century), I demonstrate how major figures in Haitian social thought were confronted with and reflected upon key postcolonial issues inherited from French colonialism. These include cultural depossession and alienation, the critical deconstruction of the colonial Other and, above all, the capital issue of decolonizing knowledge. This study is conducted largely through the example of Jean Price-Mars, founder of Haitian ethnology, physician, diplomat, statesman and Haiti's major intellectual figure of the 20 th century.
机译：这篇论文论述了法国殖民历史和思想史领域的情况，认为在19世纪和20世纪海地发生的许多事情和正在发生的事情，是后来的后殖民国家建设的典范和试验性基地，尤其是在关于国家（Francophone Africa）或地区（French Antilles）身份的构建。尤其是，它通过暗示海地的例外主义（即其激进的革命和早期的非殖民化）被（法国）殖民主义，其后果和延续所带来的问题的共性所抵消，从而对传统史学提出了挑战。这项研究将法国和后殖民地海地置于同一分析领域，重点研究了与法国紧密联系的一小群，但知识渊博的法语精英，由此产生了许多重要的海地人本主义思想家。后者通过在法国发表的著作，挑战了殖民主义和实践所据称的科学依据和意识形态基础。海地生产的许多产品（仍是原始的）在人类学或人类学上都是西方人学或人类学相关的，这预示着现代学科的一些主要关注和概念，例如揭穿关于种族的生物学决定论假设和矫正民族中心主义。人类学历来以欧洲为中心并且是男子气概，后来被海地知识分子重新使用并加以利用，以分析他们关于全球殖民秩序中后殖民主权的困境和限制的困境。在重新捕捉这种当地人类学生产-和更广泛的社会思想-并将其置于法国殖民时期（19世纪至20世纪中期）中时，我展示了海地社会思想中的主要人物如何面对并反思重要的后殖民问题继承自法国殖民主义。其中包括文化的剥夺和疏远，殖民地“他者”的严重解构，以及最重要的是非殖民化知识的资本问题。这项研究主要通过海地人种学的创始人，医师，外交官，政治家和海地20世纪主要知识人物让·普莱斯·马斯（Jean Price-Mars）为例进行。

著录项

  • 作者

    Magloire, Gerarde.;

  • 作者单位

    New York University.;

  • 授予单位 New York University.;
  • 学科 History European.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2005
  • 页码 288 p.
  • 总页数 288
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 欧洲史;
  • 关键词

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