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A data centric framework for mobile target tracking and data dissemination in wireless sensor networks.

机译：以数据为中心的框架，用于无线传感器网络中的移动目标跟踪和数据分发。

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摘要

Wireless sensor networks are envisioned to be extremely useful for various environmental, civil, military and homeland security missions. Different from other paradigms of networks, sensor networks not only provide communication services but also generate sensing data to be transmitted. As sensor networks scale in size, so will the amount of sensing data generated. The large volume of sensing data coupled with the facts that the data are spread across the entire network, the sensor network is resource-constrained, and the sensor network is usually deployed in unattended and hostile environments, creates a demand for efficient and secure data collection and dissemination/access techniques to obtain useful and high-quality data from within the network.; In this thesis, we study the problem in a typical application scenario where a sensor network is deployed to monitor mobile targets in unattended environments and disseminate the obtained sensing data from dynamically changed detecting nodes to mobile sinks. We address the problem in three aspects.; Collaborative detection and efficient data collection. Since sensor nodes have limited sensing/communication ranges and are not reliable, it is necessary for multiple sensor nodes to collaborate in detecting a target. Further, due to the mobility of the targets, nodes involved in the collaboration will change over time. We propose a dynamic convoy tree-based collaboration (DCTC) framework to facilitate the collaborative detection among a dynamic set of sensor nodes, and efficient collection of data for generating high-quality sensing results. In DCTC, sensor nodes surrounding a mobile target form a tree structure, which can be dynamically adjusted, to facilitate the collaborations among them and collect their sensing data. One big challenge in implementing DCTC is how to reconfigure the convoy tree efficiently. We formalize the problem as an optimization problem of finding a convoy tree sequence with high tree coverage and low energy consumption, and propose both an ideal scheme and several practical schemes to solve it.; Efficient data dissemination. To facilitate users (static or mobile) in finding sensing data of interest from within a sensor network, we propose an index-based data dissemination scheme with adaptive ring-based index (ARI). This scheme is based on the idea that sensing data are collected, processed and stored at the nodes close to the detecting nodes, and the location information of these storing nodes is pushed to some index nodes. To tolerate failures and balance load, the index nodes for each type of targets form a ring surrounding the location which is determined based on the target type. To improve the performance, we further propose several mechanisms to optimize the ARI scheme.; Securing data forwarding. In data collection and dissemination, sensing data need to be forwarded in the network. To achieve authenticity and confidentiality in sensing data forwarding, innocent sensor nodes can share group keys for data encryption and authentication. However, the group key-based techniques will become ineffective if some nodes are compromised since the adversary may obtain group keys from these compromised nodes. To deal with node compromise, the innocent nodes should update their group keys to prevent the adversary from utilizing the captured keys. Because most previously proposed group rekeying schemes have high overhead and are not suitable for sensor networks, we design and evaluate a family of predistribution and local collaboration-based group rekeying (PCGR) schemes, based on the idea that future group keys can be preloaded to nodes before deployment, and neighbors can collaborate to protect and appropriately use the preloaded keys.
机译：设想无线传感器网络对于各种环境，民用，军事和国土安全任务非常有用。与其他网络范式不同，传感器网络不仅提供通信服务，还生成要传输的传感数据。随着传感器网络规模的扩大，生成的传感数据量也将随之增加。大量的传感数据以及数据分布在整个网络中，传感器网络受到资源限制的事实以及传感器网络通常部署在无人值守和敌对的环境中，对有效而安全的数据收集提出了要求以及传播/访问技术，以从网络内部获取有用的高质量数据；在本文中，我们研究了一个典型的应用场景中的问题，在该应用场景中，部署了传感器网络来监视无人值守的环境中的移动目标，并将获得的传感数据从动态更改的检测节点传播到移动接收器。我们从三个方面解决这个问题。协同检测和高效的数据收集。由于传感器节点的感测/通信范围有限且不可靠，因此多个传感器节点需要协作来检测目标。此外，由于目标的移动性，参与协作的节点将随时间而变化。我们提出了一种基于动态车队树的协作（DCTC）框架，以促进在动态传感器节点集中进行协作检测，并有效收集数据以生成高质量的传感结果。在DCTC中，围绕移动目标的传感器节点形成树状结构，可以动态调整树状结构，以促进它们之间的协作并收集其传感数据。实施DCTC的一大挑战是如何有效地重新配置车队树。我们将该问题形式化为寻找具有高树覆盖率和低能耗的车队树序列的优化问题，并提出理想方案和几种实际方案来解决该问题。高效的数据传播。为了方便用户（静态或移动）从传感器网络中查找感兴趣的传感数据，我们提出了一种基于索引的数据分发方案，该方案具有自适应的基于环的索引（ARI）。该方案基于以下思想：在靠近检测节点的节点处收集，处理和存储感测数据，并将这些存储节点的位置信息推送到某些索引节点。为了容忍故障并平衡负载，每种目标类型的索引节点在位置周围形成环，该环是根据目标类型确定的。为了提高性能，我们进一步提出了几种机制来优化ARI方案。保护数据转发。在数据收集和分发中，感测数据需要在网络中转发。为了在感知数据转发时实现真实性和机密性，无辜的传感器节点可以共享组密钥以进行数据加密和认证。但是，如果某些节点遭到破坏，则基于组密钥的技术将变得无效，因为对手可能会从这些受到破坏的节点获取组密钥。为了处理节点危害，无辜的节点应更新其组密钥，以防止对手利用捕获的密钥。由于大多数先前提出的组密钥更新方案都具有较高的开销，并且不适合于传感器网络，因此，我们可以基于将来的组密钥可以预加载到以下想法，设计和评估一系列预分配和基于本地协作的组密钥更新（PCGR）方案。部署之前，节点和邻居可以协作保护和适当使用预加载的密钥。

著录项

  • 作者

    Zhang, Wensheng.;

  • 作者单位

    The Pennsylvania State University.;

  • 授予单位 The Pennsylvania State University.;
  • 学科 Computer Science.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2005
  • 页码 159 p.
  • 总页数 159
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 自动化技术、计算机技术;
  • 关键词

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