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首页> 外文学位 >Experimenting with pension reform in Central and Eastern Europe: Political parties, coalitions, and policies.
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Experimenting with pension reform in Central and Eastern Europe: Political parties, coalitions, and policies.

机译：在中欧和东欧进行养老金改革试验：政党，联盟和政策。

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摘要

Pension reform is one of the most economically pressing and politically controversial issues worldwide. This study focuses on the variation in the outcome of pension reform in Central and Eastern Europe. As they navigate the processes of privatization and marketization, post-communist states have experienced a distinctive version of the larger crisis of the modern welfare state. The diversity of pension reform results across the region is puzzling given the relative similarity of economic constraints.;I use as a starting point the theoretical contributions developed and tested in the West regarding the "new politics" of the welfare state, but I depart from them in important respects. First, unlike an important strand in the literature, which stresses the economic and international pressures for reform, my dissertation focuses on its political feasibility. It emphasizes the role of political institutions, and in particular of the party system and the process of coalition formation, in the outcome. Second, distinct from the accounts that focus exclusively on the role of ideology in explaining political parties' positions towards pension reform, I argue that, in addition to their ideological orientation, parties are subject to a whole array of other constraints, such as keeping internal cohesion, satisfying the demands of their constituents, and forming alliances with other parties. The strategies that parties adopt in order to maximize competing goals represent the main determinant of policy output.;I test my argument concerning the role of political parties and coalitional politics using a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods. A cross-national comparative analysis of Hungary, Poland, Romania, and Slovakia provides empirical evidence of the hypothesized relationship between certain configurations of the party system and specific reform results. In addition, I utilize roll call analyses of voting in the Hungarian, Polish, and Slovak legislatures to provide a more precise estimation of policy dimensions, parties' spatial positions, legislators' ideal points, and the formation of pro and anti-pension reform coalitions. While this theoretical argument has been developed based on experiences of Central and Eastern European countries, it is useful for the analysis of pension reform beyond the post-communist setting.
机译：养老金改革是世界上最紧迫的经济问题和政治争议问题之一。这项研究的重点是中欧和东欧养老金改革结果的变化。共产主义后国家在进行私有化和市场化进程时，经历了现代福利国家更大危机的独特版本。鉴于经济约束条件的相对相似性，整个地区的养老金改革结果的多样性令人困惑。;我以西方在福利国家的“新政治”方面发展和检验的理论贡献为出发点，但我偏离了他们在重要方面。首先，与文献中强调改革的经济和国际压力的重要一环不同，我的论文着眼于其政治可行性。它强调了政治机构的作用，特别是政党制度和联盟形成过程在结果中的作用。其次，不同于仅侧重于意识形态在解释政党对养老金改革立场方面的论述的说法，我认为，除了意识形态取向外，政党还受到一系列其他限制，例如保持内部凝聚力，满足选民的要求，并与其他政党结盟。政党为了最大化竞争目标而采取的策略代表了政策产出的主要决定因素。；我使用定性和定量方法相结合的方法来检验我关于政党和联合政治的作用的论点。匈牙利，波兰，罗马尼亚和斯洛伐克的跨国比较分析提供了经验证据，证明了政党制度的某些配置与具体改革结果之间的假设关系。此外，我利用匈牙利，波兰和斯洛伐克立法机关的投票点名分析，可以更精确地估算政策规模，政党的空间立场，立法者的理想点以及赞成和反对养老金改革联盟的形成。尽管此理论论据是根据中欧和东欧国家的经验发展而来的，但它对于分析后共产主义背景之外的养老金改革很有用。

著录项

  • 作者

    Armeanu, Oana I.;

  • 作者单位

    University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.;

  • 授予单位 University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.;
  • 学科 Political Science General.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2005
  • 页码 223 p.
  • 总页数 223
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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