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首页> 外文学位 >The Role of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in Mediating Heavy Metal Tolerance and Accumulation in Two Plant Species
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The Role of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in Mediating Heavy Metal Tolerance and Accumulation in Two Plant Species

机译：丛枝菌根真菌在介导两种植物重金属耐受性和积累中的作用

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摘要

The contamination of our planet's soils by anthropogenically produced compounds such as heavy metals and excess nutrients is an increasing ecological problem. From harmful effects on wildlife, physiological disruptions in humans, bioaccumulation in food webs, and the poisoning of soils that we depend on for food production, soil pollution threatens the health of our planet. Pollution is ubiquitous in urban areas, particularly where fossil-fuel driven activities occur. Conventional soil remediation approaches such as excavation and replacement have limitations including high cost and disruption of soil microbiomes. Phytoremediation, or the use of plants to remove contaminants from soil, is a cost-effective and environmentally conscious approach that is emerging in the field of environmental restoration. Current research in this field aims to better understand the dynamic soil/plant/microbial interactions, as well as which species can tolerate and accumulate contaminants at the highest rate. The major goals of this project were to determine the phytoremediation potential of two plant species, the common sunflower (Helianthus annuus) and Sunn Hemp (Crotalaria juncea), and to evaluate the role of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in heavy metal stress mitigation and accumulation. Plants were grown in a research greenhouse on the University of Central Arkansas campus between May and August of 2017. Solutions containing copper sulfate (CuSO4), cadmium sulfate (CdSO4) and lead nitrate (Pb(NO3)2) were applied in three doses (low, medium, and high), and predawn measurements of maximum quantum yield (Fv/Fm) were taken weekly. Plants were harvested after 7 weeks, separated into above and below ground samples, and analyzed with Flame Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (FAAS) for heavy metal content. Results indicate that AMF had a negligible effect on mitigating Fv/Fm in both species, as well as accumulation capacity. Lead and copper were accumulated in concentrations that were below the detection limit of the FAAS. Helianthus annuus accumulated significantly more cadmium than C. juncea , and both species accumulated significantly more heavy metals in their below ground tissues than were translocated to their above ground tissue. Overall, H. annuus has the greater phytoremediation potential of the two plant species based on its ability to maintain high Fv/Fm values despite growing in highly toxic soil, and its high capacity to accumulate cadmium.
机译：人为产生的化合物（例如重金属和过量养分）对地球土壤的污染是一个日益严重的生态问题。从对野生生物的有害影响，人类的生理破坏，食物网中的生物蓄积以及我们赖以赖以生产食物的土壤中毒来看，土壤污染威胁着地球的健康。污染在城市地区无处不在，特别是在发生化石燃料驱动活动的地方。常规的土壤修复方法（例如开挖和置换）具有局限性，包括高成本和破坏土壤微生物组。植物修复或使用植物去除土壤中的污染物是一种经济有效且具有环保意识的方法，在环境修复领域正在兴起。该领域的当前研究旨在更好地了解土壤/植物/微生物之间的动态相互作用，以及哪些物种能够以最高的速率耐受和积累污染物。该项目的主要目标是确定两种植物的植物修复潜力，即普通向日葵（Helianthus annuus）和Sunn Hemp（Crotalaria juncea），并评估丛枝菌根真菌（AMF）在减轻重金属胁迫和缓解环境中的作用。积累。 2017年5月至8月之间，植物在中阿肯色大学校园的研究温室中生长。将含有硫酸铜（CuSO4），硫酸镉（CdSO4）和硝酸铅（Pb（NO3）2）的溶液分三剂施用（每周进行一次低，中和高）和黎明前最大量子产率（Fv / Fm）的测量。 7周后收获植物，分为地上和地下样品，并用火焰原子吸收光谱法（FAAS）分析重金属含量。结果表明，AMF对减轻两个物种的Fv / Fm以及累积能力的影响均微不足道。铅和铜的浓度低于FAAS的检测极限。向日葵比C. juncea积累的镉要多得多，并且这两种物种在其地下组织中积累的重金属都比转移到其地面上组织的要多。总体而言，基于H. annuus，尽管在高毒土壤中生长，仍能够保持较高的Fv / Fm值，并且具有高的镉积累能力，因此具有两种植物更高的植物修复潜力。

著录项

  • 作者

    Dial, Nicholas.;

  • 作者单位

    University of Central Arkansas.;

  • 授予单位 University of Central Arkansas.;
  • 学科 Environmental science.;Plant sciences.;Botany.
  • 学位 M.S.
  • 年度 2018
  • 页码 66 p.
  • 总页数 66
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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