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A study of soil feedback and allelopathy in four invasive plant species.

机译：四种入侵植物土壤反馈和化感作用的研究。

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摘要

Allelopathy occurs when a plant species releases allelochemicals into the soil that impact the germination, survival, or growth of that species or neighboring species. Soil microbes can increase or decrease the effect of these chemicals, but few studies have determined whether soil microbial effects are predictable across different plant species. Plant-soil feedback occurs when a plant species changes the soil microbial community in ways that affect the growth or reproduction of that species or neighboring species. Allelopathy and plant-soil feedback are two mechanisms that might explain how invasive plants impact native plant communities and come to dominate local habitats. Both of these mechanisms have the potential for legacy effects on the soil and plant communities after the invasive has been removed. We tested whether three local invasive shrub species of the eastern deciduous forest (Lonicera maackii, Ligustrum vulgare, and Elaeagnus umbellata) have allelopathic effects on each other or any of nine native plant species. Our results were complex and involved many interactions. Overall, we found that the allelopathic impacts of the invasive species changed depending on the soil microbial community, the seedling species being tested, and the growth stage of the seedling. We also tested whether the same three invasive shrub species, and the invasive woodland grass, Microstegium vimineum, participated in plant-soil feedback with native species. We found evidence that all four invasive species affect aspects of the soil microbial community and that these soil microbial effects can change with time and competitive context. We also found evidence for legacy effects on some components of the microbial community (e.g. mycorrhizal fungi). We did not find strong evidence that these microbial effects resulted in feedback dynamics that promote the dominance of these invasive species.;Synthesis: The effects of invasive plants can interact with the abiotic and biotic environment in complex ways. Future studies should incorporate the effects of these biotic and abiotic factors in their experimental design. We also found that these interactions can change over time and in different biotic and abiotic contexts, suggesting the value of long-term studies of these interactions and the need to unravel their context dependency in order to assess their ultimate role in driving plant community structure and dynamics.
机译：当植物物种向土壤中释放影响该物种或邻近物种的发芽，存活或生长的化感物质时，就会发生化感病。土壤微生物可以增加或减少这些化学物质的影响，但是很少有研究确定不同植物物种对土壤微生物的影响是否可预测。当植物物种以影响该物种或邻近物种的生长或繁殖的方式改变土壤微生物群落时，就会发生植物-土壤反馈。化感作用和植物土壤反馈是两种机制，可以解释外来入侵植物如何影响本地植物群落并主导当地生境。清除入侵物后，这两种机制都有可能对土壤和植物群落产生遗留影响。我们测试了东部落叶林的三种本地侵入性灌木物种（忍冬忍冬，小叶女贞和El草）是否对彼此或九种本地植物物种具有化感作用。我们的结果很复杂，涉及许多相互作用。总体而言，我们发现，入侵物种的化感作用取决于土壤微生物群落，被测试的苗种以及苗的生长阶段而改变。我们还测试了相同的三种侵入性灌木物种和侵入性林地草（Microstegium v​​imineum）是否参与了原生物种的植物-土壤反馈。我们发现有证据表明所有四种入侵物种都影响土壤微生物群落的各个方面，并且这些土壤微生物的影响会随时间和竞争环境而变化。我们还发现了对微生物群落某些成分（例如菌根真菌）的遗留影响的证据。我们没有发现有力的证据表明这些微生物作用导致反馈动力学增强了这些入侵物种的优势。综合：入侵植物的作用可以复杂的方式与非生物和生物环境相互作用。未来的研究应在其实验设计中纳入这些生物和非生物因素的影响。我们还发现，这些相互作用会随着时间的推移以及在不同的生物和非生物环境中发生变化，这表明对这些相互作用进行长期研究的价值以及揭示它们对环境的依赖性以评估其在驱动植物群落结构中的最终作用的价值。动力学。

著录项

  • 作者

    Shannon Firestone, Sarah M.;

  • 作者单位

    Indiana University.;

  • 授予单位 Indiana University.;
  • 学科 Biology Ecology.;Biology Microbiology.;Biology Botany.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2013
  • 页码 122 p.
  • 总页数 122
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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