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首页> 外文学位 >Parental Perceptions of Collective Efficacy are Inversely Related to Constraint of Adolescents' Outdoor Physical Activity.
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Parental Perceptions of Collective Efficacy are Inversely Related to Constraint of Adolescents' Outdoor Physical Activity.

机译：父母对集体效能的感知与青少年户外运动的约束成反比。

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摘要

Objective: The current study examined associations between parents perceived collective efficacy and adolescents' obesity related behaviors (e.g., physical activity) and outcomes (e.g., obesity and cardio-metabolic risk factors), an association that may be mediated by constrained outdoor play practices and moderated by aspects of the neighborhood physical environment (i.e., incivilities).;Methods: Adolescents [N=71; 11-18 years (14.2, SD+/-1.6); M=37 (52%); Non-white= 24(33.8%); Low-income= 20(29%); Overweight/Obese= 40(56%)] and their parent/guardians enrolled in the Molecular and Social Determinants of Obesity and Metabolic Disorders in Developing Youth Study were included in the current study. Obesity (BMIz) and cardio-metabolic risk factors (cholesterol, HOMA_IR, and blood pressure) were measured by trained pediatric nurses. Physical activity was measured using a 7-day accelerometry protocol. Questionnaires measured parent's/guardian's perceptions of collective efficacy and constrained outdoor play practices (e.g. avoidance and defensive behaviors). Systematic social observation at the parcel-level using Google Street View assessed neighborhood incivilities.;Statistical Analyses: T-tests and chi-square tests determined gender, race and income differences. Multilevel general linear or logistic regression models were used to examine relationships between perceived collective efficacy and all outcomes. The Hayes (2013) macro determined the mediating role of avoidance and defensive behaviors. Multilevel general linear or logistic regression models including an interaction term determined the moderating role of incivilities.;Results: Obesity and cardio-metabolic risk factors differed by income, gender and race. Parents who perceived higher levels of collective efficacy reported lower levels of avoidance (p=0.04) and defensive (p=0.05) behaviors. However, neither avoidance nor defensive behavior mediated the relationship between perceived collective efficacy and all outcomes. Moreover, no relationships between perceptions of collective efficacy and physical activity, obesity and cardio-metabolic risk factors were observed. Low income and non-white participants disproportionately lived in high incivility neighborhoods (p<0.01); however, incivilities did not moderate the relationship between perceived collective efficacy and all outcomes.;Conclusion: The importance of perceived collective efficacy on parenting behaviors suggests that community-based multi-level programs that seek to facilitate social cohesion and control should be a key part of legislative efforts to increase physical activity, especially among disadvantaged populations. Reducing parents' constraint of offspring's outdoor play may be achieved by targeting modifiable social and physical environmental factors to ultimately improve physical activity and obesity-related outcomes.
机译：目的：本研究调查了父母对集体效能的感知与青少年与肥胖相关的行为（例如，体育活动）和结局（例如，肥胖和心血管代谢危险因素）之间的关联，该关联可能是受约束的户外运动习惯和方法：青少年[N = 71；青少年[N = 71]； 11-18年（14.2，SD +/- 1.6）; M = 37（52％）；非白色= 24（33.8％）;低收入= 20（29％）；超重/肥胖= 40（56％）]及其父母/监护人参加了《发展中青年研究》中的肥胖和代谢紊乱的分子和社会决定因素。肥胖（BMIz）和心血管代谢危险因素（胆固醇，HOMA_IR和血压）是由训练有素的儿科护士测量的。使用7天的加速度计协议测量身体活动。问卷调查评估了父母/监护人对集体效能的看法以及户外活动的约束（例如，回避和防御行为）。使用Google街景视图在包裹级别进行系统的社会观察，以评估社区的不文明行为。统计分析：T检验和卡方检验可确定性别，种族和收入差异。多层次的一般线性或逻辑回归模型用于检验感知的集体功效和所有结果之间的关系。 Hayes（2013）宏确定了规避和防御行为的中介作用。多层次的一般线性或逻辑回归模型（包括一个相互作用项）确定了不文明行为的调节作用。结果：肥胖，心脏代谢风险因素因收入，性别和种族而异。感觉到集体效能较高的父母报告的回避（p = 0.04）和防御（p = 0.05）行为较低。但是，回避和防御行为都不能介导集体效能与所有结果之间的关系。此外，没有观察到对集体功效和身体活动，肥胖症和心脏代谢危险因素的看法。低收入和非白人参加者不成比例地生活在高不活跃社区中（p <0.01）；然而，文明并没有缓解集体感知的集体效能与所有结果之间的关系。结论：集体感知的集体效能对养育父母行为的重要性表明，旨在促进社会凝聚力和控制力的基于社区的多层次计划应该是关键部分加强体育锻炼的立法努力，特别是在处境不利的人群中。减少父母对后代户外活动的限制可以通过针对可改变的社会和身体环境因素来实现，以最终改善身体活动和与肥胖相关的结果。

著录项

  • 作者

    Kepper, Maura Mohler.;

  • 作者单位

    Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center.;

  • 授予单位 Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center.;
  • 学科 Public health.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2016
  • 页码 191 p.
  • 总页数 191
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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