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The engineering design mind: A cognitive model and a case study.

机译：工程设计思想：认知模型和案例研究。

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摘要

Creative engineering design is a cognitive act which may, in its natural, "real-world" environment (that is, in vivo) occur over a time span ranging from a few days to two or more years. As such, this kind of design activity is distinct from the forms of problem-solving that cognitive psychologists study in their laboratories (i.e., in vitro). In order to understand creative design, scientists must study the empirical acts that produce artifacts deemed original with respect to all of history (i.e., historically-creative artifacts). Understanding historically-creative design processes requires the use of the cognitive-historical case study method rather than computational or experimental laboratory methods. The contribution of this dissertation is twofold. First, it describes a comprehensive model of the engineering design mind at an abstraction level termed the "cognitive style level" since this model allows us to understand and characterize the engineering design process undertaken by individuals in terms of their cognitive style . Briefly, the model describes the mechanisms for, first, transforming the designer's knowledge and, second, then testing the validity of the new knowledge. The model proposes that the primary knowledge transformation mechanism is the designer's use of analogical reasoning. It then proposes that the new knowledge is tested using models of the design's anticipated functional, behavioral, and physical characteristics, with an overarching economic test as the criterion for acceptance. In addition, the CS model takes into account that the complexity of large-scale, historically-creative engineering design problems must be understood as projects that require multiple cognitive agents operating in a parallel processing environment in a form of distributed cognition. The second contribution of this work entails a cognitive-historical case study of a recent historically-creative engineering design. This study was conducted using interviews with the two primary designers that, together with the designers' sketches, drawings, and calculations, afforded the basic empirical data. The case study had two main objectives: (1) To test and verify the cognitive style model of design, and (2) to shed light on one particular instance of innovative engineering design.
机译：创造性工程设计是一种认知行为，在其自然的“真实世界”环境（即体内）中，可能会发生几天到两年或更长时间的时间。因此，这种设计活动不同于认知心理学家在其实验室（即体外）研究的问题解决形式。为了理解创意设计，科学家必须研究产生相对于所有历史都是原始的人工制品（即具有历史意义的人工制品）的经验行为。了解具有历史意义的设计过程需要使用认知历史案例研究方法，而不是计算或实验实验室方法。本文的贡献是双重的。首先，它在抽象水平上描述了工程设计思想的综合模型，称为“认知风格水平”，因为该模型使我们能够根据个人的认知风格来理解和表征工程设计过程。简要地说，该模型描述了以下机制：首先，转换设计者的知识，然后，然后测试新知识的有效性。该模型提出，主要的知识转化机制是设计者对类比推理的使用。然后，建议使用设计的预期功能，行为和物理特性模型对新知识进行测试，并以总体经济测试作为接受标准。此外，CS模型考虑到，大型的，具有历史意义的工程设计问题的复杂性必须理解为需要以分布式认知形式在并行处理环境中运行的多个认知主体的项目。这项工作的第二个贡献是需要对近期具有历史意义的工程设计进行认知-历史案例研究。这项研究是通过对两位主要设计师的访谈进行的，他们与设计师的草图，图纸和计算一起提供了基本的经验数据。案例研究有两个主要目标：（1）测试和验证设计的认知风格模型；（2）阐明创新工程设计的一个特定实例。

著录项

  • 作者

    Elias, Janet Schexnayder.;

  • 作者单位

    University of Louisiana at Lafayette.;

  • 授予单位 University of Louisiana at Lafayette.;
  • 学科 Psychology Cognitive.; Engineering General.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2005
  • 页码 173 p.
  • 总页数 173
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 心理学;工程基础科学;
  • 关键词

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