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The influence of working memory capacity in the DRM false memory paradigm, rich media distractibility, and learning/thinking styles.

机译：工作记忆容量对DRM错误记忆范式，富媒体分散性和学习/思维方式的影响。

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摘要

Many studies have found performance differences between those with low working memory capacity (WMC) and those with high WMC when working with contrived stimuli. This aim of this project was to discover if the differences would persist using more real world stimuli. Experiment 1 examined if there was an influence of WMC on false recognition in the Deese-Roediger-McDermott (DRM) associative list paradigm. The participants in the experiment were screened into distinct low and high working memory (WM) span groups using the operation and reading span tasks, half of which were warned of the phenomenon before study. After study, all participants were given a recognition test. False recognition of the critical word was similar for the two groups, regardless of whether they were warned. However, there was a significant difference in the false recognition of distractors. Those with low WM spans falsely recognized more words from nonstudied lists than did those with high WM spans.; Experiment 2 explored whether there are effects of WMC on distractibility due to Internet web page advertisements. Participants performed Internet search tasks using custom created web pages containing advertisements that varied in location and motion and then took recognition tests to determine how many ads and search tasks they could remember. Similar to Experiment 1, there was a significant difference found in the false recognition of related distractors, those with low WM spans falsely recognized more of the related search tasks than did the high WM span group. Additionally, a significant difference was also found in the quantity of incorrect links chosen when traversing through the web pages, those with low WM spans made more errors than those with high WM spans.; Experiment 3 investigated the relationship of WMC to learning/thinking styles. The learning style instruments of Gregorc and Kolb were used, as well as Sternberg's thinking style instrument. Significant differences on Sternberg's "leanings" dimension were found between the WM span groups. There were also significant negative correlations between Gregorc's CR type and Sternberg's liberal leaning on counting span scores. Additionally, there was a significant positive correlation between Sternberg's executive measure and counting span scores.
机译：许多研究发现，在使用人为刺激时，工作记忆容量（WMC）低的人和WMC高的人之间的性能差异。该项目的目的是通过使用更多真实世界的刺激来发现差异是否会持续存在。实验1在Deese-Roediger-McDermott（DRM）关联列表范式中检查了WMC是否对错误识别产生影响。使用操作和读取跨度任务将实验参与者分为不同的低工作记忆和高工作记忆（WM）跨度组，其中一半会在研究前被警告该现象。经过研究，所有参与者都进行了识别测试。不管是否被警告，对这组关键词的错误认识都是相似的。但是，对干扰物的错误识别存在显着差异。 WM跨度低的人比WM跨度高的人错误地从未研究的列表中识别出更多单词。实验2探索了WMC是否会对因互联网网页广告引起的分散注意力产生影响。参与者使用定制的网页执行Internet搜索任务，该网页包含位置和动作变化的广告，然后进行识别测试以确定他们可以记住多少个广告和搜索任务。与实验1相似，在相关干扰项的错误识别上存在显着差异，与高WM跨度组相比，低WM跨度的人错误地识别了更多的相关搜索任务。此外，在遍历网页时选择的错误链接的数量也存在显着差异，WM跨度低的网页比WM跨度高的网页错误更多。实验3研究了WMC与学习/思维方式的关系。使用了Gregorc和Kolb的学习风格工具，以及Sternberg的思维风格工具。在WM跨度组之间发现Sternberg的“倾斜度”维度存在显着差异。 Gregorc的CR类型与Sternberg的自由主义者倾向于计算跨度得分之间也存在显着的负相关。此外，Sternberg的执行指标与跨度得分之间存在显着的正相关。

著录项

  • 作者

    Miller, Laura Michele.;

  • 作者单位

    University of California, Irvine.;

  • 授予单位 University of California, Irvine.;
  • 学科 Psychology Cognitive.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2005
  • 页码 121 p.
  • 总页数 121
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 心理学;
  • 关键词

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