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首页> 外文学位 >Sinigrin content and allyl isothiocyanate concentration of whole ground mustard meal and the ability of allyl isothiocyanate to inhibit growth of Phytophthora parasitica var. nicotianae, Meloidogyne incognita and possible factors affecting its action.
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Sinigrin content and allyl isothiocyanate concentration of whole ground mustard meal and the ability of allyl isothiocyanate to inhibit growth of Phytophthora parasitica var. nicotianae, Meloidogyne incognita and possible factors affecting its action.

机译：整个芥末粉中芥子苷的含量和异硫氰酸烯丙酯的浓度以及异硫氰酸烯丙酯抑制寄生疫霉菌的能力。烟草，根结线虫和影响其作用的可能因素。

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摘要

Compounds hydrolyzed from decomposition of glucosinolates have the potential to reduce pest populations and possibly control many soilborne diseases. Sinigrin is a glucosinolate commonly found in Brassica species. Sinigrin concentrations in whole ground oriental mustard seed meal (OMM) obtained from 12 different lots ranged from 101 to 141 muM·g-1 of OMM. Allyl isothiocyanate (AITC) concentrations evolving from sinigrin in corresponding seed lots ranged from 17 to 33 muM·g-1 . Conversion efficiency of sinigrin to AITC from these 12 lots was approximately 19 percent. Water volume and soil coverings may affect concentrations of AITC evolving from OMM. Increased amounts of water and use of polyethylene soil coverings negatively affected AITC concentrations.; The concentrations of commercially obtained AITC and AITC evolved from OMM needed to produce 50% and 90% inhibition (IC50, IC90) of black shank (Phytophthora parasitica var. nicotianae ) were calculated. Inhibitory concentrations (IC50, IC 90) of AITC were 0.70 and 1.52 muM·L-1, respectively. Inhibitory concentrations of IC50 and IC90 of AITC from OMM were 0.99 and 1.72 muM·L-1, respectively. In a similar experiment, the lethal concentrations (LCs) of commercially available AITC, OMM and OMM mixed with soil were determined for root-knot nematode, (Meloidogyne incognita-RKN) eggs. The LC50 and LC90 for AITC were 0.78 and 1.94 muM·L -1, respectively. The LC50 and LC90 for OMM were 0.44 and 1.22 muM·L-1 and for OMM mixed with soil they were 0.88 and 1.99 muM·L-1, respectively.; Field tests were conducted to determine the effect of various rates of OMM and commercial fumigants (Telone C-35 and dazomet) on vermiform nematode populations at two locations. Statistical analysis suggested that neither commercially available soil fumigant negatively influenced vermiform nematode populations in the Flethcher or Knoxville location during 2003 or 2004; however, non-significant reductions were observed in nematode populations in plots with Telone or 2,242 kg·ha-1 of OMM. Effects from OMM treatments were highly variable and were not significantly different from the control.; Research from multiple laboratory experiments indicated that AITC has the potential to reduce or inhibit growth of both black shank and eggs of RKN. Results from treatments including OMM in field research, was highly variable and more research is needed to determine the extent of efficacy of this material.
机译：芥子油苷分解后水解的化合物具有减少害虫数量并可能控制许多土壤传播疾病的潜力。芥子苷是芸苔属物种中常见的芥子油苷。从12个不同批次中获得的整个东方芥菜籽粉（OMM）中的Sinigrin浓度范围为OMM的101至141μM·g-1。辛格菌素在相应种子批次中演变而来的异硫氰酸烯丙酯（AITC）浓度范围为17至33μM·g-1。从这12个批次中，芥子苷向AITC的转化效率约为19％。水量和土壤覆盖物可能会影响由OMM演变而来的AITC浓度。用水量增加和聚乙烯土壤覆盖物的使用对AITC浓度产生负面影响。计算了商业上获得的AITC和从OMM演变而来的浓度，以产生50％和90％的黑胫骨（Phytophthora parasitica var。nicotianae）抑制作用（IC50，IC90）。 AITC的抑制浓度（IC50，IC 90）分别为0.70和1.52μM·L-1。 OMM对AITC的IC50和IC90的抑制浓度分别为0.99和1.72μM·L-1。在类似的实验中，确定了根结线虫（Meloidogyne incognita-RKN）卵的市售AITC，OMM和与土壤混合的OMM的致死浓度（LCs）。 AITC的LC50和LC90分别为0.78和1.94μM·L -1。 OMM的LC50和LC90分别为0.44和1.22μM·L-1，混合土壤的OMM的LC50和LC90分别为0.88和1.99μM·L-1。进行了现场测试，以确定各种速率的OMM和商业熏蒸剂（Telone C-35和dazomet）对两个位置的蠕虫线虫种群的影响。统计分析表明，在2003年或2004年期间，市售的土壤熏蒸剂均未对Flethcher或Knoxville地区的蠕虫线虫种群产生负面影响。然而，在使用Telone或2242 kg·ha-1的OMM的地块中，线虫种群没有明显减少。 OMM处理的效果差异很大，与对照组无显着差异。来自多个实验室实验的研究表明，AITC有可能减少或抑制RKN的黑胫和卵的生长。在现场研究中，包括OMM在内的治疗结果差异很大，需要更多的研究来确定这种材料的功效范围。

著录项

  • 作者

    Hensley, Darrell Donaldson.;

  • 作者单位

    The University of Tennessee.;

  • 授予单位 The University of Tennessee.;
  • 学科 Agriculture Plant Pathology.; Biology Plant Physiology.; Agriculture Agronomy.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2005
  • 页码 167 p.
  • 总页数 167
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 植物病理学;植物学;农学（农艺学）;
  • 关键词

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