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首页> 外文学位 >Stratigraphic, taphonomic, and paleoenvironmental analysis of the Upper Cretaceous Kaiparowits Formation, Grand Staircase-Escalante National Monument, southern Utah.
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Stratigraphic, taphonomic, and paleoenvironmental analysis of the Upper Cretaceous Kaiparowits Formation, Grand Staircase-Escalante National Monument, southern Utah.

机译：犹他州南部的大阶梯-埃斯卡兰特国家历史文物上白垩纪Kaiparawits组的地层学，地形学和古环境分析。

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摘要

The Kaiparowits Formation is an unusually thick package of Upper Cretaceous strata exposed in Grand Staircase-Escalante National Monument of southern Utah. Radiometric dating of four ash beds produces the first absolute ages for the Kaiparowits Formation, demonstrating a late Campanian (Judithian) age of ∼76.1-74.0 Ma. These new age determinations permit high-resolution correlation with other contemporaneous terrestrial floras and faunas in the Western Interior Basin and provide a new chronological basis for addressing questions relating to vertebrate evolution, biodiversity, and paleobiogeography.; Based on a detailed analysis of the sedimentary facies and alluvial architecture in the Kaiparowits Formation, the formation is herein subdivided into three informal units: upper, middle, and lower. Facies analysis also demonstrates that the formation accumulated in a mosaic of fluvial and floodplain settings. Thick paludal deposits, large channels, and poorly developed, hydromorphic paleosols dominate the sedimentary record, and all are suggestive of a relatively wet alluvial system. This interpretation is supported by taphonomic data, which reveals a high abundance and diversity of aquatic vertebrate and invertebrate fossils preserved within the formation. Taphonomic analysis of vertebrate fossil localities and specimens was also performed during this study and demonstrates that preservation was strongly influenced by a humid/subhumid paleoclimate and a relatively wet paleoenvironment. Finally, during the course of this investigation, a new continental trace fossil, Socialites tumulus , was discovered and described. This new ichnotaxon is interpreted to represent the above ground portion of a social insect nest structure. Synthesis of these findings suggests that the Kaiparowits Formation was part of a complex Late Cretaceous ecosystem and that fossil preservation was strongly influenced by high sediment accumulation rate (41 cm/ka), coupled with deposition in a relatively wet terrestrial environment.
机译：Kaiparowits组是在上犹他州南部的大阶梯-埃斯卡兰特国家历史文物中暴露的异常厚的上白垩纪地层包裹。四个灰床的放射性测年确定了Kaiparowits组的第一个绝对年龄，表明坎帕尼（朱迪亚）晚期的年龄约为76.1-74.0 Ma。这些新的年龄确定允许与西部内陆盆地的其他同期陆生动植物进行高分辨率关联，并为解决与脊椎动物进化，生物多样性和古生物地理学有关的问题提供了新的年代学基础。基于对Kaiparowits组中沉积相和冲积构造的详细分析，本文将地层分为三个非正式单元：上，中和下。相分析还表明，在河流和洪泛区设置的镶嵌图中积累了地层。厚厚的沉积沉积物，大的河道和发育不良的水状古土壤占主导地位的沉积记录，所有这些都暗示了相对较湿的冲积系统。这种解释得到了染色体数据的支持，该数据揭示了地层内保存的水生脊椎动物和无脊椎动物化石的丰富度和多样性。在这项研究期间，还对脊椎动物化石的位置和标本进行了谱线分析，结果表明，保藏受到湿/半湿古气候和相对湿古环境的强烈影响。最终，在这项调查过程中，发现并描述了一种新的大陆痕迹化石，即社会石。该新的鱼鳞生物被解释为代表社交昆虫巢结构的地面部分。这些发现的综合表明，Kaiparawits组是复杂的白垩纪晚期生态系统的一部分，化石的保存受到较高的沉积物积累速率（41 cm / ka）以及在相对湿润的陆地环境中的沉积的强烈影响。

著录项

  • 作者

    Roberts, Eric M.;

  • 作者单位

    The University of Utah.;

  • 授予单位 The University of Utah.;
  • 学科 Geology.; Paleontology.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2005
  • 页码 243 p.
  • 总页数 243
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 地质学;古生物学;
  • 关键词

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