• 主题
高级搜索  >
历史搜索 清空历史
首页> 外文学位 >Drought indices in decision-making process of drought management.
【24h】

Drought indices in decision-making process of drought management.

机译：干旱管理决策过程中的干旱指标。

获取原文
获取原文并翻译 | 示例
页面导航
  • 摘要
  • 著录项
  • 相似文献
  • 相关主题

摘要

Drought indices are one of the most important elements of an effective drought monitoring and early warning system. They help to characterize drought and guide appropriate responses to reduce drought impacts. Drought indicators are more useful than raw data in decision-making process, even though each index has specific use and limited by its strengths and weaknesses. The literature review showed the evaluation of drought conditions by decision-makers as an important issue, but so far no research has been done to understand how decision-makers use diverse and often conflicting values of drought indices to make drought declarations. This research studies how drought declarations by decision-makers relate to drought indices to measure past two droughts in South Carolina.;The South Carolina Drought Response Committee (DRC), the state's major drought decision-making body, evaluates climate data and seven drought indices to issue drought status declarations for each county of the state. The case of South Carolina's drought management program is particular beneficial because the state has one of the largest number of drought indicators among other state-level programs in the nation.;My research determines similarities and differences in measures of drought between the DRC and multiple drought indices, such as Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI), Palmer Hydrological Drought Index (PHDI), Z-index, Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI), Crop Moisture Index (CMI), Keetch-Byrum Drought Index (KBDI) and the U.S. Drought Monitor (USDM). Nine years of monthly values of each index are compared with the DRC declarations in evaluating drought onset, duration, severity and recovery.;The results show that a cumulative approach is more useful in measuring drought conditions rather than one or two indices. The DRC measures drought onset 3-4 months later than the majority of indices. The drought duration of the DRC for overall study period is similar to most drought indices and longer in comparison to drought indices within two drought periods 2000-2002 and 2007-2008. The severity measured by the DRC typically has more moderate months than other indices. The DRC consistently identifies drought recovery after drought indices and tends to agree with drought indices in measuring drought recovery more often than in measuring drought onset.;This research aims to benefit the decision-making process for drought and water managers, government officials, and stakeholders, as it informs drought assessment in the use of major drought indices. This research is an assessment of drought indicators for policy purposes and can be used in advisement for drought triggers in other regions of the country and the world. Effective use of drought indices in decision-making process enhances proactive drought management policies (risk management approaches) and helps to reduce drought impacts with an ultimate goal of creating drought resilient societies.
机译：干旱指数是有效的干旱监测和预警系统的最重要要素之一。它们有助于表征干旱并指导适当的应对措施以减少干旱的影响。在决策过程中，干旱指标比原始数据更有用，尽管每个指标都有特定的用途，并且受其优缺点限制。文献综述表明，决策者对干旱状况的评估是一个重要问题，但迄今为止，尚未进行任何研究来了解决策者如何利用干旱指数的多种且经常相互矛盾的值来宣布干旱。这项研究研究了决策者的干旱申报与干旱指数之间的关系，以衡量南卡罗来纳州过去的两次干旱。;南卡罗来纳州干旱应对委员会（DRC）是该州主要的干旱决策机构，评估气候数据和七个干旱指数为该州的每个县发布干旱状况声明。南卡罗来纳州的干旱管理计划的案例特别有利，因为该州拥有全美其他州级计划中数量最多的干旱指标之一。；我的研究确定了刚果民主共和国与多重干旱在干旱措施上的异同指数，例如Palmer干旱严重指数（PDSI），Palmer水文干旱指数（PHDI），Z指数，标准降水指数（SPI），作物水分指数（CMI），Keetch-Byrum干旱指数（KBDI）和美国干旱监控器（USDM）。将每个指数的九年月度值与DRC声明进行比较，以评估干旱的发生，持续时间，严重程度和恢复。结果表明，累积方法在衡量干旱条件时比一两个指标更有用。刚果民主共和国比大多数指数晚了3-4个月来测量干旱的发作。在整个研究期间，刚果民主共和国的干旱持续时间与大多数干旱指数相似，与2000-2002年和2007-2008年两个干旱时期的干旱指数相比更长。与其他指标相比，DRC衡量的严重程度通常具有中等程度的月份。刚果民主共和国始终在干旱指数之后确定干旱恢复情况，并且在衡量干旱恢复程度而不是在衡量干旱发作方面倾向于与干旱指数一致;该研究旨在使干旱和水管理人员，政府官员和利益相关者的决策过程受益，因为它有助于在使用主要干旱指数时进行干旱评估。这项研究是出于政策目的对干旱指标的评估，可用于为该国和世界其他地区的干旱触发因素提供建议。在决策过程中有效使用干旱指数可以增强积极的干旱管理政策（风险管理方法），并有助于减少干旱影响，最终目标是建立一个具有抗旱能力的社会。

著录项

  • 作者

    Altman, Ekaterina Negodyaeva.;

  • 作者单位

    University of South Carolina.;

  • 授予单位 University of South Carolina.;
  • 学科 Environmental Management.;Geography.;Natural Resource Management.
  • 学位 M.E.E.R.M.
  • 年度 2013
  • 页码 82 p.
  • 总页数 82
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

相似文献

  • 外文文献
  • 中文文献
  • 专利
获取原文

客服邮箱：kefu@zhangqiaokeyan.com

京公网安备：11010802029741号 ICP备案号：京ICP备15016152号-6 六维联合信息科技 (北京) 有限公司©版权所有

  • 客服微信

  • 服务号