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Improved chemical vapor generation methods for the determination of cadmium, lead and mercury in biological and environmental materials by flow injection atomic spectrometry.

机译：通过流动注射原子光谱法测定生物和环境材料中镉，铅和汞的化学蒸气发生方法的改进。

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摘要

New methods for the determination of cadmium and lead by flow injection chemical vapor generation atomic absorption spectrometry with tetrahydroborate immobilized on an anion-exchanger were developed. Both flow injection and hydride generation parameters were optimized. The method has less suppression by some coexisting elements than the generation by the reaction with tetrahydroborate in aqueous solution, and smaller amounts of reagents are required. The developed method was successfully applied for the determination of trace amounts of cadmium and lead in environmental and biological materials.; A method for the determination of trace concentrations of cadmium, by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry with flow injection chemical vapor generation from a terahydroborate-form anion-exchanger with in-atomizer trapping on a Zr-Ir coated graphite tube atomizer, was developed. Both electrothermal atomization and flow injection hydride generation parameters were optimized. A detection limit of 2 ppt was obtained. The method was successfully applied to the analyses of various types of environmental and biological samples.; The cold vapor generation of mercury from tin chloro anion complexes immobilized on an anion exchanger was successfully developed for the first time. A purer tin(II) chloride reagent was obtained by passing solution through the anion-exchange column. The method was applied to the determination of trace amounts of total and inorganic mercury in different types of sample matrices with satisfactory results.; A procedure for the speciation of mercury from the immobilized tetrachlorotin(II)- and tetrahydroborate-form anion-exchange columns was developed. Better tolerance of some coexisting elements was found compared to that of conventional cold vapor generation techniques. The method was applied for the speciation of mercury in canned fish and seafood samples and in some standard reference materials.; A mercury speciation procedure for environmental and biological samples based on in-atomizer trapping on a gold-coated graphite tube atomizer and electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry was developed. Both types of immobilized reducing agent gave satisfactory results.; A new method for preconcentration of trace inorganic mercury in water samples as the anionic-chloro complex on anion-exchanger with reductive elution with tetrahydroborate solution was developed. The detection limit was 0.8 ppt. The method was applied to the analysis of natural water, spring water, drinking water, tap water and seawater samples.; Cadmium and lead were determined in Typha angustifolia and Lemna minor in support of phytoremediation studies. Typha angustifolia is a suitable plant for the phytoremediation of lead contaminated soil. The interaction of cadmium and lead on the phytoextraction by Typha angustifolia in contaminated soil was investigated. The methods developed required only a small sample size from Lemna minor plants, so that multiple samples from the same plant could be taken.
机译：研究了固定在阴离子交换剂上的四氢硼酸根流动注射化学汽化发生原子吸收光谱法测定镉和铅的新方法。优化了流动注入和氢化物生成参数。与通过与四氢硼酸盐在水溶液中反应生成的方法相比，该方法对某些共存元素的抑制作用较小，并且需要的试剂量更少。该方法成功用于环境和生物材料中痕量镉和铅的测定。提出了一种电热原子吸收光谱法测定痕量镉的方法，该方法是通过在Zr-Ir涂层石墨管雾化器上捕集四氢硼酸根型阴离子交换器并在雾化器内捕集流动注射化学蒸气而产生的。优化了电热雾化和流动注入氢化物的产生参数。检出限为2 ppt。该方法已成功应用于各种类型的环境和生物样品的分析。首次成功开发了固定在阴离子交换剂上的锡氯阴离子络合物产生汞的冷蒸气。通过使溶液通过阴离子交换柱获得较纯的氯化锡（II）试剂。该方法用于不同类型样品基质中痕量的总汞和无机汞的测定，结果令人满意。开发了一种从固定的四氯锡（II）-和四氢硼酸盐形式的阴离子交换柱上形成汞的方法。与传统的冷蒸气产生技术相比，发现某些共存元素具有更好的耐受性。该方法用于鱼类和海鲜罐头样品以及某些标准参考物质中汞的形态分析。提出了一种基于金镀层石墨管雾化器内雾化器捕集和电热原子吸收光谱法的环境和生物样品汞形态分析程序。两种固定化还原剂均给出令人满意的结果。提出了一种用四氢硼酸盐溶液还原洗脱的阴离子交换剂上的阴离子-氯配合物预浓缩水样中痕量无机汞的新方法。检出限为0.8 ppt。该方法用于天然水，泉水，饮用水，自来水和海水样品的分析。在香蒲和小Lemna中测定了镉和铅，以支持植物修复研究。香蒲是一种植物修复铅污染土壤的合适植物。研究了镉和铅对香蒲在污染土壤中提取植物的相互作用。所开发的方法仅需从Lemna小植物中提取少量样品即可，因此可以从同一植物中提取多个样品。

著录项

  • 作者

    Chuachuad, Wipharat.;

  • 作者单位

    University of Massachusetts Amherst.;

  • 授予单位 University of Massachusetts Amherst.;
  • 学科 Chemistry Analytical.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2005
  • 页码 345 p.
  • 总页数 345
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 化学;
  • 关键词

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