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Essays on Labor Economics and Entrepreneurship.

机译：劳动经济学和企业家精神论文。

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摘要

This dissertation is composed of two essays that relate topics in the fields of labor economics, migration, experimental economics and entrepreneurship, taking into account a gender perspective.;The first essay examines collective remittances, those sent by migrants' associations to be invested in community projects in their hometowns, matched by governmental funds through the Mexican program 3x1 Para Migrantes. This study evaluates the effect of collective remittances on the probability of wanting to migrate, being employed and in the labor force, and on the amount of hours worked of adult men and women in 2002 and 2005 in Mexico. Collective remittances have a positive, albeit modest, impact on the employment and labor force participation of adults in participant municipalities, but no effect on the preferences to migrate. Important differences are observed by type of project executed and by gender and age cohort, with younger men and women benefiting the most from investments in schools and sports facilities.;The second essay conducts a series of laboratory experiments to test the hypothesis that, while stress worsens entrepreneurial choices and outcomes for all, it does so more for women than men. Results show that the effects of stress on choice and performance are more negative for women. Experimentally-induced stress causes more long-lasting productivity losses for women, and additional losses for making choices that do not maximize income given one's productivity. The negative treatment effect on women's productivity, choice quality, and earnings is driven by women who experienced negative life events. The mechanisms that affect choices also differ by gender. Men are more likely to present inconsistencies during a series of entrepreneurial decisions, and women to have inaccurate beliefs about their performance.
机译：这篇论文由两篇论文组成，涉及劳动经济学，移民，实验经济学和企业家精神等领域，并考虑了性别观点。第一篇论文研究了集体汇款，即由移民协会寄往社区的汇款。项目在他们的家乡，并通过墨西哥计划3x1 Para Migrantes获得政府资金的支持。这项研究评估了集体汇款在2002年和2005年在墨西哥对想移民，就业和在劳动力中的可能性以及成年男女工作时间的影响。集体汇款虽然对参加城市的成年人的就业和劳动力参与有积极的影响，尽管程度不大，但对移民的偏好没有影响。在执行的项目类型以及性别和年龄组中发现了重要的差异，年轻人和妇女从学校和体育设施的投资中受益最大。第二篇论文进行了一系列实验室实验，以检验在压力大的前提下的假设。恶化所有人的创业选择和成果，对女性的影响要大于男性。结果表明，压力对女性选择和表现的影响更大。实验导致的压力会给女性带来更长期的生产力损失，并且由于无法根据自己的生产力而做出无法使收入最大化的选择，因此还会造成额外的损失。对妇女的生产率，选择质量和收入产生负面影响的因素是经历过负面生活事件的妇女。影响选择的机制也因性别而异。在一系列创业决策中，男性更有可能表现出前后矛盾，而女性对其绩效的看法则不准确。

著录项

  • 作者

    Gonzalez, Karina Elizabeth Cordova.;

  • 作者单位

    The University of Arizona.;

  • 授予单位 The University of Arizona.;
  • 学科 Business Administration Entrepreneurship.;Economics Labor.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2013
  • 页码 161 p.
  • 总页数 161
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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