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Foundations and practical aspects of synthesis of aluminum alloys: Emphasis on grain refinement

机译：铝合金合成的基础和实践方面：注重晶粒细化

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摘要

Historically, aluminum alloys have been in the forefront in satisfying the requirements of transportation and structural applications, mainly due to their high strength to weight ratio and excellent corrosion resistance. It has been identified that strong and lightweight materials are necessary ingredients for energy efficient transportation. Improving the competitiveness of aluminum alloys against other high strength, lightweight materials have been the topic of recent research and development efforts. Consequently, the focus has been on developing new aluminum alloys with higher strengths.;The major challenge in the development of high strength aluminum alloys is, to increase strength without reducing ductility very much. Aluminum by its nature, as the strength increases ductility reduces. When engineering applications are concerned, ductility is a key property that needs to be kept within adequate limits.;The main objective of this thesis was to establish a strong practical foundation for future research on high strength aluminum alloys by developing a new aluminum alloy with emphasis on grain refining elements. Compared to the methods that are used to strengthen aluminum alloys, grain refinement achieved by the addition of grain refining elements is identified as the most effective and economical method to improve strength while retaining a sufficient ductility. According to recent studies, Scandium (Sc) has shown better refining ability of the grain structure of aluminum than any other single element. However the extremely high price of Sc has restricted its use as a grain refining element in commercial alloys. Therefore instead of using Sc by itself, researchers have used Sc combined with titanium (Ti) and zirconium (Zr) which has also given better grain refining action.;In this research work hafnium (Hf) was identified as a candidate element that could combine with Sc, Ti and Zr. Hf has not previously been identified as a potential grain-refining element for aluminum.;The newly designed alloy composition was able to give 98% smaller grain size when compared to the grain size of pure aluminum and 97% smaller grain size when compared to Al-0.7Sc alloy. Further, this composition was able to give more than 92% smaller grain size when compared to two commercial alloys, A356 and AA2024-T3. This is a remarkable reduction in grain size by approximately two orders of magnitude, resulting in a major important step forward, applicable to all aluminum alloys.;The main conclusion of this research work is hafnium can be used as a successful grain refining element with combinations of Sc, Ti and Zr.
机译：从历史上看，铝合金在满足运输和结构应用的要求方面一直处于最前沿，这主要是由于铝合金具有很高的强度重量比和出色的耐腐蚀性。已经确定，坚固轻巧的材料是节能运输的必要成分。改善铝合金相对于其他高强度轻质材料的竞争力一直是最近研究和开发工作的主题。因此，重点一直放在开发具有更高强度的新型铝合金上。高强度铝合金开发的主要挑战是在不大大降低延展性的情况下增加强度。铝的性质，随着强度的增加，延展性降低。当涉及工程应用时，延性是一个关键特性，需要保持在适当的范围内。本论文的主要目的是通过开发一种新的铝合金为未来的高强度铝合金研究奠定坚实的实践基础。在晶粒细化元素上。与用于强化铝合金的方法相比，通过添加晶粒细化元素实现的晶粒细化被认为是在保持足够延展性的同时提高强度的最有效，最经济的方法。根据最近的研究，Scan（Sc）已显示出比任何其他单一元素更好的铝晶粒结构细化能力。但是，Sc的极高价格限制了它在商业合金中用作晶粒细化元素的用途。因此，研究人员将Sc与钛（Ti）和锆（Zr）结合使用，而不是单独使用Sc，它们还具有更好的晶粒细化作用。;在这项研究工作中，ha（Hf）被确定为可以结合的候选元素。含Sc，Ti和Zr。 Hf以前尚未被确定为铝的潜在晶粒细化元素。新设计的合金成分与纯铝相比，晶粒尺寸减小了98％，与Al相比，晶粒尺寸减小了97％ -0.7Sc合金。此外，与两种市售合金A356和AA2024-T3相比，该组合物的晶粒尺寸小92％以上。这是将晶粒尺寸显着减小了大约两个数量级，这是向前迈出的重要的重要一步，适用于所有铝合金。这项研究工作的主要结论是，can可以与组合使用作为成功的晶粒细化元素的Sc，Ti和Zr。

著录项

  • 作者

    Senadheera, Thushanthi D. A. A.;

  • 作者单位

    University of Calgary (Canada).;

  • 授予单位 University of Calgary (Canada).;
  • 学科 Materials science.
  • 学位 M.Sc.
  • 年度 2005
  • 页码 150 p.
  • 总页数 150
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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