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首页> 外文学位 >Dynamics of plum curculio, Conotrachelus nenuphar (Herbst.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), immigration into apple orchards.
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Dynamics of plum curculio, Conotrachelus nenuphar (Herbst.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), immigration into apple orchards.

机译：李子种群的动态，移入苹果园的鞘翅目（Chertraa：Curculionidae）。

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摘要

This project focused on field evaluations of synthetic host and pheromonal odor combinations for attractiveness to plum curculios, Conotrachelus nenuphar (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), with the aim of developing a monitoring device that could track the onset and extent of immigration into apple orchards, thereby maximizing plum curculio control while minimizing exposure and cost by helping growers to accurately time insecticide sprays. In a 2000 field test I screened six individual host plant volatiles, each in association with grandisoic acid (synthetic plum curculio aggregation pheromone), using panel and pyramid traps. Benzaldehyde was the most attractive host plant odor when in combination with grandisoic acid. Evaluations conducted in 2001 confirmed the attractiveness of this binary combination to both males and females across the entire period of immigration, and also revealed that benzaldehyde interacts in a synergistic manner with grandisoic acid. Additional field studies conducted in 2002 and 2003 showed that benzaldehyde at 40 mg/day of release in association with grandisoic acid at 1 mg/day of release is the most cost-effective bait combination for use in traps to monitor plum curculio immigration.; I also investigated temporal dynamics of plum curculio immigration into an unsprayed section of an apple orchard over a five-year period using traps. My main goal was to determine relationships among the timing of immigration, temperature and phenological tree stage. Based on my data, I propose a pre- and a post-petal-fall period of immigration, each of which is influenced to a different extent by spring temperature. Thermal constants (expressed in Degree Days [DD] base 6.1°C, computed starting January 1st) for the start of immigration, 50th and 80th percentile of cumulative captures were 113, 249 and 412 DD, respectively.; Some spatial aspects of plum curculio immigration were also studied in commercial apple orchards over a two-year period. By petal fall, most adults were found on perimeter-row trees in sprayed blocks having large trees (M.7 rootstock), but more adults were found inside of blocks than on perimeter-row trees if blocks had small trees (M.9 rootstock). Plum curculios were able to overwinter inside blocks, regardless of the presence or absence of weeds beneath trees.
机译：该项目侧重于现场评估合成寄主和信息素气味组合对李子对虾（Conotrachelus nenuphar，Coleoptera：Curculionidae）的吸引力，目的是开发一种监测装置，该装置可以追踪到苹果园的迁徙和程度，从而最大限度地提高其迁移速度。通过帮助种植者准确地定时喷洒杀虫剂，控制梅子，同时最大程度地减少暴露和成本。在2000年的田间试验中，我使用了面板捕集器和金字塔捕集器，筛选了六种单独的宿主植物挥发物，每种挥发物均与大同酸（合成李子草聚集信息素）结合在一起。苯甲醛与大同酸组合使用时，是最有吸引力的宿主植物气味。 2001年进行的评估证实了这种二元组合在整个移民期间对雄性和雌性都具有吸引力，并且还表明苯甲醛与大异酸具有协同作用。在2002年和2003年进行的其他野外研究表明，释放量为40毫克/天的苯甲醛与释放量为1毫克/天的大异酸是最经济有效的诱饵组合，用于诱捕器来监控李子库蚊的迁移。我还使用陷阱研究了五年内李子库库里奥迁移到苹果园未喷洒区域的时间动态。我的主要目标是确定移民时间，温度和物候树阶段之间的关系。根据我的数据，我提出了落花前和落花后的移民时期，每个时期都会受到春季温度的不同程度的影响。移民开始时的热常数（以日日[DD]为基础，从6.1°C开始计算），累积捕获量的第50和第80个百分位数分别为113 DD，249 DD和412 DD。在两年的时间里，还研究了苹果园中梅子库库利移民的一些空间方面。到花瓣掉落时，在成行的大树木（M.7砧木）喷洒块的周边行树上发现大多数成虫，但如果块状树木较小（M.9砧木），则在行周围的树上发现的成虫多于周边行的树）。不论树下是否存在杂草，梅子库都能在块内越冬。

著录项

  • 作者

    Pinero, Jaime Cesar.;

  • 作者单位

    University of Massachusetts Amherst.;

  • 授予单位 University of Massachusetts Amherst.;
  • 学科 Biology Entomology.; Agriculture Plant Pathology.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2005
  • 页码 110 p.
  • 总页数 110
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 昆虫学;植物病理学;
  • 关键词

  • 入库时间 2022-08-17 11:42:24

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