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首页> 外文学位 >Molecular and genetic basis of resistance to Russian wheat aphid (Diuraphis noxia).
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Molecular and genetic basis of resistance to Russian wheat aphid (Diuraphis noxia).

机译：抗俄罗斯小麦蚜虫（Diuraphis noxia）的分子和遗传基础。

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The Russian wheat aphid (RWA) is a serious economic pest of cereals. RWA infestation results in leaf rolling, leaf and head trapping, and death of susceptible plants. A RWA resistance gene Dn7 which was introduced into wheat from rye by 1BL.1RS translocation provides superior level of resistance against RWA biotypes 1 and 2. The objectives of this study were to: (1) Saturate the genetic map of a gene-rich region in rye chromosome arm 1RS, containing Dn7, (2) find out if there is synteny between the 1RS chromosome region containing Dn7 and rice, and (3) develop an in-vitro assay using RWA biotypes 1 & 2 to screen wheat genotypes. A saturated genetic map of 1RS region containing Dn7 with 26 DNA markers was generated on 98 recombinant inbred lines from a cross between wheat line '94M370' (resistant to RWA) and wheat cultivar 'Gamtoos' (susceptible). The markers flanking Dn7 are XHor1 and XIb267 which are 2.1 and 3.9cM from Dn7, respectively. PCR-based markers for Dn7 were developed for the first time. To ascertain synteny between 1RS region containing Dn7 and rice genome, DNA sequences of the markers linked to Dn7 were used to do BLAST homology searches with the rice databases. Three DNA markers linked to Dn7 were found to be homologous with rice BAC/PACs from rice chromosome 1. The rice BAC/PACs aligned in the same order as markers in Dn7 linkage map. For in vitro studies, cut etiolated seedlings of RWA resistant and susceptible cultivars were treated with crude extract, saliva, proteins, and non protein compounds of RWA biotypes 1 and 2. The data obtained from RWA crude extract, saliva, proteins and non protein compounds were generally uninformative as few significant differences were observed between treatments and control.
机译：俄罗斯小麦蚜虫（RWA）是谷物的严重经济害虫。 RWA侵染会导致叶片滚动，叶片和头部诱集以及易感植物死亡。通过1BL.1RS易位从黑麦中引入小麦的RWA抗性基因Dn7提供了对RWA生物型1和2的较高抗性水平。本研究的目的是：（1）饱和基因丰富区域的遗传图谱在含有Dn7的黑麦染色体臂1RS中，（2）找出含有Dn7的1RS染色体区域与水稻之间是否存在同义关系，（3）使用RWA生物型1和2进行体外测定，以筛选小麦基因型。在98个重组自交系上从小麦品系“ 94M370”（对RWA有抗性）和小麦品种“ Gamtoos”（易感）的杂交中产生了含有Dn7和26个DNA标记的1RS区域的饱和遗传图谱。 Dn7两侧的标记分别是XHor1和XIb267，分别距Dn7 2.1和3.9cM。首次开发了基于PCR的Dn7标记。为了确定含有Dn7的1RS区域与水稻基因组之间的协同性，使用与Dn7连锁的标记的DNA序列与水稻数据库进行BLAST同源性搜索。发现与Dn7连锁的三个DNA标记与水稻第1号染色体的BAC / PACs同源。水稻BAC / PACs与Dn7连锁图中的标记顺序相同。为了进行体外研究，使用RWA生物型1和2的粗提物，唾液，蛋白质和非蛋白质化合物处理抗RWA和易感品种的黄化切花幼苗。从RWA粗提物，唾液，蛋白质和非蛋白质化合物获得数据由于在治疗和对照之间观察到很少的显着差异，因此通常没有信息。

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