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首页> 外文学位 >Coseismic Deformation Detection and Quantification for Great Earthquakes Using Spaceborne Gravimetry.
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Coseismic Deformation Detection and Quantification for Great Earthquakes Using Spaceborne Gravimetry.

机译：使用星载重力法对大地震进行同震形变检测和量化。

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摘要

Because of Earth's elasticity and its viscoelasticity, earthquakes induce mass redistributions in the crust and upper mantle, and consequently change Earth's external gravitational field. Data from Gravity Recovery And Climate Experiment (GRACE) spaceborne gravimetry mission is able to detect the permanent gravitational and its gradient changes caused by great earthquakes, and provides an independent and thus valuable data type for earthquake studies. This study uses a spatiospectral localization analysis employing the Slepian basis functions and shows that the method is novel and efficient to represent and analyze regional signals, and particularly suitable for extracting coseismic deformation signals from GRACE. For the first time, this study uses the Monte Carlo optimization method (Simulated Annealing) for geophysical inversion to quantify earthquake faulting parameters using GRACE detected gravitational changes. GRACE monthly gravity field solutions have been analyzed for recent great earthquakes. For the 2004 Mw 9.2 Sumatra-Andaman and 2005 Nias earthquakes (Mw 8.6), it is shown for the first time that refined deformation signals are detectable by processing the GRACE data in terms of the full gravitational gradient tensor. The GRACE-inferred gravitational gradients agree well with coseismic model predictions. Due to the characteristics of gradient measurements, which have enhanced high-frequency contents, the GRACE observations provide a more clear delineation of the fault lines, locate significant slips, and better define the extent of the coseismic deformation; For the 2010 Mw 8.8 Maule (Chile) earthquake and the 2011 Mw 9.0 Tohoku-Oki earthquake, by inverting the GRACE detected gravity change signals, it is demonstrated that, complimentary to classic teleseismic records and geodetic measurements, the coseismic gravitational change observed by spaceborne gravimetry can be used to quantify large scale deformations induced by great earthquakes.
机译：由于地球的弹性及其粘弹性，地震在地壳和上地幔中引起了质量重新分布，因此改变了地球的外部引力场。来自重力恢复和气候实验（GRACE）的星载重力飞行任务的数据能够检测到由大地震引起的永久重力及其梯度变化，并为地震研究提供了一种独立的且有价值的数据类型。这项研究使用时空光谱定位分析，采用了Slepian基函数，并且表明该方法是新颖且高效的表示和分析区域信号的方法，特别适合于从GRACE中提取同震形变信号。这项研究首次使用蒙特卡洛优化方法（模拟退火）进行地球物理反演，利用GRACE检测到的重力变化来量化地震断层参数。 GRACE月度重力场解决方案已针对最近的大地震进行了分析。对于2004年苏门答腊安达曼9.2级地震和2005年尼亚斯8.6级地震，首次显示通过处理GRACE数据以全重力梯度张量为单位可以检测到精确的变形信号。 GRACE推断的重力梯度与同震模型预测非常吻合。由于具有增强的高频成分的梯度测量的特性，GRACE观测提供了更清晰的断层轮廓，定位了明显的滑动，并更好地定义了同震变形的程度；对于2010年的Mw 8.8 Maule（智利）地震和2011年的Mw 9.0 Tohoku-Oki地震，通过将GRACE探测到的重力变化信号反转，可以证明，除了经典的远震记录和大地测量之外，星载观测到的同震引力变化重力法可用于量化大地震引起的大规模变形。

著录项

  • 作者

    Wang, Lei.;

  • 作者单位

    The Ohio State University.;

  • 授予单位 The Ohio State University.;
  • 学科 Geodesy.;Geophysics.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2012
  • 页码 179 p.
  • 总页数 179
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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