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首页> 外文学位 >The influence of hydrology and time on productivity and soil development of created and restored wetlands.
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The influence of hydrology and time on productivity and soil development of created and restored wetlands.

机译：水文和时间对人工湿地和恢复湿地的生产力和土壤发育的影响。

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In created and restored wetlands, hydrology (the depth, duration, and dynamics of water in wetlands) and time play an important role in regulating most ecological processes including productivity and soil development. The influence of hydrology on created and restored wetlands was examined using full-scale ecosystems and replicated mesocosm systems at the Olentangy River Wetland Research Park (ORWRP). In one study, twenty 540-liter tubs or 'mesocosms' were planted with either one of two wetland plants common to the region: narrow-leaved cattail (Typha angustifolia L.) or soft-stemmed bulrush ( Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani C.C. (Gmel) Palla). For each species, half the mesocosms were pumped with river water based on a monthly pulsing regime while the other half was pumped on a steady-flow regime (an even amount of water was provided weekly). Overall, Typha wetlands were significantly more productive than Schoenoplectus wetlands; however no significant differences in productivity or morphology were observed between pulsed or steady-flow wetlands among species groups. No significant differences in nutrient concentrations, uptake or uptake efficiency were detected among species groups either; however hydrology did influence plant tissue N:P ratios (P0.01). For all wetland mesocosms, the mean (+/-1 SE) N:P ratio was 9.2+/-0.6 for steady-flow and 11.7+/-0.5 for pulsed conditions, suggesting that the steady flow wetlands were more N limited than pulsed wetlands.; A second project evaluated the restoration of flood pulses on a 5.2-ha (13-acre) bottomland forest along the Olentangy River at the ORWRP. In June 2000, the bottomland forest hydrology was restored to approximate natural flooding by cutting three breeches in an artificial levee constructed between the river and the north section of the forest and a fourth breech along the natural riverbank at the south section of the forest. Total aboveground net primary productivity (ANPP) was calculated for two sections of the forest (north and south) using estimated forest litterfall and wood production. No significant difference in mean ANPP was detected between the north section (807+/-86 g m-2 yr-1) and the south section (869+/-56 g m-2 yr-1), however productivity at the north section was substantially higher than a previous ANPP estimate conducted before restoration. A notable increase in canopy tree basal growth was noted in the south section and was primarily due to the prevalence of boxelder (Acer negundo L.) which was the dominant species in this section and showed the same shift in basal area increment during 2003 and 2004. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
机译：在已创建和恢复的湿地中，水文（湿地中水的深度，持续时间和动态）和时间在调节包括生产力和土壤发育在内的大多数生态过程中起着重要作用。在Olentangy河湿地研究园（ORWRP）中使用全面的生态系统和复制的中观系统检查了水文学对已创建和已恢复湿地的影响。在一项研究中，用该地区常见的两种湿地植物之一种植了二十四百五十公升的盆或“地膜”：窄叶香蒲（Typha angustifolia L.）或软茎芦苇（Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani CC（Gmel）Palla） ）。对于每个物种，一半的中观空间均基于每月的脉动模式泵入河水，而另一半则以稳定流模式进行泵浦（每周提供均匀量的水）。总体而言，香蒲湿地的生产力明显高于美鼻湿地。但是，在物种组之间，脉冲流或稳定流湿地之间没有观察到生产力或形态的显着差异。物种组之间的养分浓度，吸收或吸收效率也没有显着差异；但是水文学确实影响了植物组织的氮磷比（P <0.01）。对于所有湿地中观世界，稳定流的平均（+/- 1 SE）N：P比为9.2 +/- 0.6，脉冲条件为11.7 +/- 0.5，这表明稳定流湿地比脉冲更受N限制湿地。第二个项目评估了ORWRP沿Olentangy河沿5.2公顷（13英亩）的底地森林恢复洪水脉冲。 2000年6月，通过在河流和森林北部之间的人工堤坝中剪下三条马裤，并在森林南部自然河岸上修建第四条臀位，使底栖森林水文恢复到近似自然洪水的水平。使用估计的森林凋落物和木材产量，计算了森林的两个部分（北部和南部）的地上总净初级生产力（ANPP）。在北部（807 +/- 86 g m-2 yr-1）和南部（869 +/- 56 g m-2 yr-1）之间，平均ANPP没有发现显着差异，但是北部的生产力该断面大大高于恢复前进行的ANPP先前估算。在南部区域，冠层树基部的生长显着增加，这主要是由于在该区域的主要树种Boxerder（Acer negundo L.）的流行，并且在2003年和2004年基部面积的增加表现出相同的变化。 （摘要由UMI缩短。）

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