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Using flax as a feedstuff for beef cattle.

机译：用亚麻作为肉牛的饲料。

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摘要

Three trials investigated if flax in beef cattle diets affects performance or carcass composition. The first trial examined level and duration of inclusion. Cattle were fed diets that included 3 or 6% (dry matter; DM) flax for 28 or 56 d prior to harvest. Steers fed flax had greater (P = 0.03) marbling than steers fed no flax. Feeding flax for 56 d increased ( P 0.001) muscle alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) compared to 28 d. Feeding 6% flax increased (P = 0.04) ALA compared to 3%. Steaks from steers fed flax were less tender (P ≥ 0.001) than steaks from steers fed no flax. The second trial offered calves creep feed that contained 0, 12.5, or 25% (DM) flax. Flax did not affect ( P ≥ 0.36) performance. Calves offered creep feed containing flax had lower (P = 0.06) marbling than calves offered no flax. Calves offered 25% flax had greater (P = 0.08) marbling than those offered 12.5%. The third trial investigated flax processing. Beef heifers were fed corn- and silage-based diets that contained 0 or 8% (DM) flax that was whole, rolled, or ground. Heifers fed flax had greater (P ≤ 0.006) average daily gains (ADG) and gain efficiency (G:F) compared to heifers fed no flax. Processing (rolled or ground) increased (P ≤ 0.05) ADG and G:F compared to whole flax and increased (P 0.001) muscle phospholipid and neutral-lipid proportions of ALA. Flax-fed heifers had greater (P ≤ 0.02) muscle proportions of phospholipid eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexanoic acid (DHA). Processing increased the proportion of muscle phospholipid and neutral lipid ALA (P 0.001) and increased (P ≤ 0.01) EPA and DHA. Sensory panelists noted that flax-fed beef was less juicy (P = 0.05). Flax can be included in beef cattle diets to improve G:F and to manipulate beef fatty acid profiles. Changes in fatty acid profiles are dependent on flax inclusion level, time of feeding, and processing. Processing is necessary when feeding flax to maximize G:F. Including flax in creep feeds will not affect performance or carcass composition.
机译：三项试验研究了肉牛日粮中的亚麻是否会影响生产性能或car体组成。第一次试验检查了纳入水平和持续时间。牛在收获前28或56 d饲喂含3％或6％（干物质； DM）亚麻的饲料。饲喂亚麻的牛比未饲喂亚麻的ste牛具有更大的（P = 0.03）大理石花纹。与28 d相比，进食56 d的亚麻增加（P <0.001）肌肉α-亚麻酸（ALA）。进食6％的亚麻可增加（P = 0.04）ALA，而后者为3％。饲喂亚麻的ste牛的牛排比不饲喂亚麻的ste牛的牛排更嫩（P≥0.001）。第二个试验提供的小牛爬行饲料中亚麻含量为0、12.5或25％（DM）。亚麻不影响（P≥0.36）性能。与不含亚麻的犊牛相比，提供含有亚麻的蠕变饲料的犊牛的大理石花纹（P = 0.06）更低。提供25％亚麻的小牛比提供12.5％的小牛具有更大的（P = 0.08）大理石花纹。第三项试验研究了亚麻加工。牛肉小母牛饲喂以玉米和青贮饲料为基础的日粮，其中含有完整或经碾碎或碾碎的0或8％（DM）亚麻。与未饲喂亚麻的母牛相比，饲喂亚麻的母牛具有更高的（P≤0.006）平均日增重（ADG）和增效（G：F）。与整个亚麻相比，加工（轧制或磨碎）ADG和G：F增加（P≤0.05），ALA的肌肉磷脂和中性脂比例增加（P <0.001）。亚麻饲喂的小母牛的肌肉中磷脂二十碳五烯酸（EPA）和二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）的肌肉比例更大（P≤0.02）。加工过程增加了肌肉磷脂和中性脂质ALA的比例（P <0.001），并增加了（P≤0.01）EPA和DHA。感官小组成员指出，亚麻食牛肉汁少（P = 0.05）。肉牛日粮中可以添加亚麻，以提高G：F并控制牛肉脂肪酸谱。脂肪酸谱的变化取决于亚麻籽的含量，进食时间和加工时间。喂食亚麻时需要进行处理以最大化G：F。将亚麻加入蠕变饲料中不会影响生产性能或car体组成。

著录项

  • 作者

    Maddock, Travis David.;

  • 作者单位

    North Dakota State University.;

  • 授予单位 North Dakota State University.;
  • 学科 Agriculture Animal Culture and Nutrition.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2005
  • 页码 79 p.
  • 总页数 79
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 饲料;
  • 关键词

  • 入库时间 2022-08-17 11:42:31

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