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Detailed modeling of soot size distribution evolution and pollutant formation inside aircraft and diesel engines.

机译：飞机和柴油机内部烟尘尺寸分布演变和污染物形成的详细模型。

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摘要

Combustion emission of soot and pollutant gas species contributes to poor regional air quality near emission sources and to climate change. It is important to understand the formation mechanism and time evolution of these pollutants inside the combustion engine, through detailed modeling of combustion chemistry and microphysics as well as comparison with observation. In this thesis, two multi-zone gas parcel combustion engine models, one for aircraft engines and another for diesel engines, have been developed to study soot size distribution evolution and pollutant formation inside the engines as well as emissions. The models take into account size-resolved (sectional) soot aerosol dynamics (nucleation, growth, and coagulation) and detailed combustion chemistry of jet and diesel fuel.;For the aircraft engine, the model considers 362 chemical species, 2657 reversible reactions and 75 aerosol size bins. The model was applied to a CFM56-2-C1 aircraft engine for idle operating conditions. This is the first model to simulate soot size distribution evolution inside an aircraft engine (to our knowledge). The simulated values for major species are generally consistent with measurements. Model simulation shows that, for idle operating conditions, concentrations of most key combustion products don't change significantly in the post-combustor, however, HONO, H2SO4, and HO 2 concentrations change by more than a factor of 10. The sulfur oxidation efficiency (SOE), ([SO3]+[H2SO4])/([SO 2]+[SO3] +[H2SO4]), was found to be 2.1% at the engine exit.;For the diesel engine, the multi-zone gas parcel model has been further enhanced by including fuel injection, droplet break-up, fuel evaporation and air entrainment rate. The model considers 283 chemical species, 2137 reversible reactions, and 75 aerosol size bins. The developed model calculates the time evolution of concentrations of these chemical species and soot size distributions inside a diesel engine. This is the first model to simulate soot size distribution evolution inside a diesel engine (to our knowledge). Model calculations are generally consistent with measurements. SOE was found to be 2% at end of the expansion stroke. The diesel engine emission model was used to study the effects of fuel sulfur content (FSC), relative humidity (RH) of intake air and fuel injection angle (FIA) on pollutant formation and emission as well as engine performances. The model simulation shows that FSC does not affect non-sulfur species, however, SO2 and SO3 increase linearly with increase in FSC. Simulation also shows that both higher RH and late injection (higher FIA) increase soot but decrease NOx. The model enables us to test the predictive capability of any existing or newly developed chemical kinetic mechanism of surrogate fuel and soot microphysics inside diesel engines.
机译：烟尘和污染物气体种类的燃烧排放导致排放源附近的区域空气质量差和气候变化。通过详细的燃烧化学和微观物理学建模以及与观察的比较，了解内燃机内部这些污染物的形成机理和时间演变非常重要。本文研究了两种多区域气体包裹燃烧发动机模型，一种用于飞机发动机，另一种用于柴油发动机，以研究烟灰尺寸分布的演变，发动机内部污染物的形成以及排放。该模型考虑了尺寸解析（截面）的烟尘气溶胶动力学（成核，生长和凝结）以及喷气燃料和柴油燃料的详细燃烧化学。对于飞机发动机，该模型考虑了362种化学物质，2657可逆反应和75种化学物质。气溶胶大小的垃圾箱。该模型被用于CFM56-2-C1飞机发动机，用于怠速工况。这是第一个模拟飞机发动机内部烟尘尺寸分布演变的模型（据我们所知）。主要物种的模拟值通常与测量值一致。模型仿真表明，在怠速工况下，大多数关键燃烧产物的浓度在后燃烧器中不会显着变化，但是，HONO，H2SO4和HO 2的浓度变化超过10倍。硫的氧化效率（SOE），（[SO3] + [H2SO4]）/（[SO2] + [SO3] + [H2SO4]）在发动机出口处为2.1％。；对于柴油发动机，多区域通过包括燃料喷射，液滴破碎，燃料蒸发和空气夹带率，进一步增强了气体包裹模型。该模型考虑了283个化学​​物种，2137个可逆反应和75个气溶胶尺寸容器。开发的模型计算柴油机内这些化学物质的浓度和烟尘尺寸分布的时间演化。这是第一个模拟柴油机内部烟灰尺寸分布演变的模型（据我们所知）。模型计算通常与测量结果一致。发现SOE在膨胀冲程结束时为2％。柴油机排放模型用于研究燃料硫含量（FSC），进气的相对湿度（RH）和燃料喷射角（FIA）对污染物形成和排放以及发动机性能的影响。模型仿真表明，FSC不会影响非硫物质，但是，随着FSC的增加，SO2和SO3呈线性增加。模拟还显示，较高的RH和后期注入（较高的FIA）都增加了烟灰，但减少了NOx。该模型使我们能够测试任何现有或新开发的替代柴油发动机内燃料和烟so微观物理学的化学动力学机制的预测能力。

著录项

  • 作者

    Moniruzzaman, Chowdhury G.;

  • 作者单位

    State University of New York at Albany.;

  • 授予单位 State University of New York at Albany.;
  • 学科 Atmospheric Sciences.;Engineering Automotive.;Environmental Sciences.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2012
  • 页码 255 p.
  • 总页数 255
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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