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Criteria for the Validation of Specialized Verb Equivalents: Applications in Bilingual Terminography.

机译：验证专用动词等效的标准：双语术语中的应用。

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摘要

Multilingual terminological resources do not always include valid equivalents of legal terms for two main reasons. Firstly, legal systems can differ from one language community to another and even from one country to another because each has its own history and traditions. As a result, the non-isomorphism between legal and linguistic systems may render the identification of equivalents a particularly challenging task. Secondly, by focusing primarily on the definition of equivalence, a notion widely discussed in translation but not in terminology, the literature does not offer solid and systematic methodologies for assigning terminological equivalents. As a result, there is a lack of criteria to guide both terminologists and translators in the search and validation of equivalent terms.;This problem is even more evident in the case of predicative units, such as verbs. Although some terminologists (L'Homme 1998; Lerat 2002; Lorente 2007) have worked on specialized verbs, terminological equivalence between units that belong to this part of speech would benefit from a thorough study. By proposing a novel methodology to assign the equivalents of specialized verbs, this research aims at defining validation criteria for this kind of predicative units, so as to contribute to a better understanding of the phenomenon of terminological equivalence as well as to the development of multilingual terminography in general, and to the development of legal terminography, in particular.;The study uses a Portuguese-English comparable corpus that consists of a single genre of texts, i.e. Supreme Court judgments, from which 100 Portuguese and 100 English specialized verbs were selected. The description of the verbs is based on the theory of Frame Semantics (Fillmore 1976, 1977, 1982, 1985; Fillmore and Atkins 1992), on the FrameNet methodology (Ruppenhofer et al. 2010), as well as on the methodology for compiling specialized lexical resources, such as DiCoInfo (L'Homme 2008), developed in the Observatoire de linguistique Sens-Texte at the Universite de Montreal. The research reviews contributions that have adopted the same theoretical and methodological framework to the compilation of lexical resources and proposes adaptations to the specific objectives of the project.;In contrast to the top-down approach adopted by FrameNet lexicographers, the approach described here is bottom-up, i.e. verbs are first analyzed and then grouped into frames for each language separately. Specialized verbs are said to evoke a semantic frame, a sort of conceptual scenario in which a number of mandatory elements (core Frame Elements) play specific roles (e.g. ARGUER, JUDGE, LAW), but specialized verbs are often accompanied by other optional information (non-core Frame Elements), such as the criteria and reasons used by the judge to reach a decision (statutes, codes, previous decisions). The information concerning the semantic frame that each verb evokes was encoded in an xml editor and about twenty contexts illustrating the specific way each specialized verb evokes a given frame were semantically and syntactically annotated. The labels attributed to each semantic frame (e.g. [Compliance], [Verdict]) were used to group together certain synonyms, antonyms as well as equivalent terms.;The research identified 165 pairs of candidate equivalents among the 200 Portuguese and English terms that were grouped together into 76 frames. 71% of the pairs of equivalents were considered full equivalents because not only do the verbs evoke the same conceptual scenario but their actantial structures, the linguistic realizations of the actants and their syntactic patterns were similar. 29% of the pairs of equivalents did not entirely meet these criteria and were considered partial equivalents. Reasons for partial equivalence are provided along with illustrative examples. Finally, the study describes the semasiological and onomasiological entry points that JuriDiCo, the bilingual lexical resource compiled during the project, offers to future users.;Keywords: terminological equivalence, specialized verbs, Portuguese and Canadian judgments, Frame Semantics, FrameNet.
机译：多语种的术语资源并不总是包括合法的合法等效项，主要有两个原因。首先，法律体系可能因一个语言社区而异，甚至因一个国家而异，因为每个法律都有自己的历史和传统。结果，法律和语言系统之间的非同构可能使对等价物的识别成为特别具有挑战性的任务。其次，通过主要关注等效性的定义（在翻译中而不是术语中广泛讨论的一个概念），文献没有提供用于分配术语等效项的可靠且系统的方法。结果，缺乏标准的术语来指导术语学家和翻译者搜索和验证等效术语。该问题在谓词单位（例如动词）的情况下更加明显。尽管一些术语学家（L'Homme 1998； Lerat 2002； Lorente 2007）已经研究了特殊动词，但是，通过深入研究，可以使属于这部分词性的单位之间的术语等效性受益。通过提出一种新颖的方法来分配特殊动词的对等词，本研究旨在为此类谓语单元定义验证标准，从而有助于更好地理解术语对等现象以及发展多语言术语这项研究使用葡萄牙语-英语可比语料库，该语料库由单一文本类型组成，即最高法院的判决，从中选择了100个葡萄牙语和100个英语专业动词。动词的描述基于框架语义理论（Fillmore 1976、1977、1982、1985； Fillmore和Atkins 1992），FrameNet方法论（Ruppenhofer等人2010）以及专门的编译方法。词汇资源，例如DiCoInfo（L'Homme，2008年），是在蒙特利尔大学的Sens-Texte语言观测所开发的。这项研究回顾了在词汇资源的汇编中采用相同理论和方法框架的文稿，并提出了针对项目特定目标的修改建议;与FrameNet词典作者采用的自上而下的方法相反，此处描述的方法是底部的-即先分析动词，然后分别将每种语言的动词分组为框架。专门动词据说会引起语义框架，这是一种概念场景，其中许多强制性元素（核心框架元素）扮演特定角色（例如ARGUER，JUDGE，LAW），但是专门动词通常伴随着其他可选信息（非核心框架元素），例如法官用来做出决定的标准和理由（法规，法规，先前的决定）。有关每个动词引起的语义框架的信息是在xml编辑器中编码的，大约20个上下文说明了每个专用动词引起给定框架的特定方式，在语义和语法上进行了注释。归因于每个语义框架的标签（例如[Compliance]，[Verdict]）用于将某些同义词，反义词以及对等术语分组在一起；该研究在200个葡萄牙语和英语术语中识别了165对候选对等词分为76帧。这对等值对中有71％被认为是完全等价，因为动词不仅会唤起相同的概念情境，而且它们的动词结构，行为者的语言实现及其句法模式也相似。成对的等效项中有29％不能完全满足这些条件，因此被认为是部分等效项。提供了部分等效的原因以及说明性示例。最后，该研究描述了项目期间编译的双语词汇资源JuriDiCo为未来用户提供的信号学和本体论切入点;关键词：术语对等，专用动词，葡萄牙语和加拿大语判断，框架语义学，框架网络。

著录项

  • 作者

    Pimentel, Janine.;

  • 作者单位

    Universite de Montreal (Canada).;

  • 授予单位 Universite de Montreal (Canada).;
  • 学科 Language Linguistics.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2012
  • 页码 413 p.
  • 总页数 413
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 肿瘤学;
  • 关键词

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