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The political and methodological issues associated with the definition of poverty: An analysis of relative and absolute poverty measures.

机译：与贫困定义有关的政治和方法问题：相对和绝对贫困测度的分析。

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摘要

The argument being made by some researchers is that drawing the poverty threshold relatively at fifty percent of the median household income for a given metropolitan area performs well in identifying areas suffering from the ill effects of high poverty concentration that are overlooked by the absolute federal measure. This study will comprehensively examine census tract data for 330 metropolitan areas in the United States to correlate census-tract level poverty concentration to nine separate indicators of social isolation and disadvantage using the absolute federal poverty index, the aforementioned relative poverty index, and an experimental expanded absolute poverty index. The intent of the study is to determine if the relative or expanded absolute poverty index clearly outperforms the incumbent federal poverty index in place today.;"Performance" in the context of this study, is measured by the strength of correlation between that particular poverty index and the instance of the negative outcomes that are associated in the literature with life in highly poor neighborhoods, as well as the percentage explained (variance) at the census tract level. This study posits that a poverty measure would be better suited for use in setting and evaluating poverty policy if it were shown to be more highly correlated (Pearson r) with the negative outcomes associated with poverty than the other measures, and if it is shown to explain a significantly larger percentage of the variance seen in these tract-level outcome data (r 2).;This study explores in detail the methodological and statistical pitfalls associated with all three poverty measures, with the intent on identifying the poverty measure that is most methodologically sound.
机译：一些研究人员提出的论点是，在确定给定大都市地区相对贫困线的相对门槛是家庭收入中位数的50％时，在确定遭受高贫困集中度的不良影响的地区时效果很好，而这些地区被绝对联邦措施所忽视。这项研究将使用绝对联邦贫困指数，上述相对贫困指数和扩大后的实验性数据，对美国330个大城市的人口普查数据进行全面检查，以将人口普查水平的贫困集中度与社会隔离和弱势的9个独立指标相关联绝对贫困指数。该研究的目的是确定相对或扩展的绝对贫困指数是否明显胜过当前现行的联邦贫困指数。；在本研究中，“绩效”是通过该特定贫困指数之间的相关强度来衡量的以及文献中与极端贫困社区的生活相关的负面结果的实例，以及在人口普查区域一级解释的百分比（差异）。这项研究认为，如果贫困衡量标准与其他贫困衡量指标相比，与贫困相关的负面结果之间的相关性更高（Pearson r），并且表明与贫困衡量指标相比，则更适合用于制定和评估贫困政策。解释了在这些管道级结果数据中看到的方差的很大百分比（r 2）。；本研究详细探讨了与所有三种贫困衡量标准相关的方法和统计陷阱，旨在确定最贫困的贫困衡量标准方法上合理。

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  • 作者

    Bossert, John.;

  • 作者单位

    Saint Louis University.;

  • 授予单位 Saint Louis University.;
  • 学科 Sociology Public and Social Welfare.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2012
  • 页码 194 p.
  • 总页数 194
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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