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首页> 外文学位 >Constriction behavior, a key innovation in snake evolution: The integration of ethology and physiology.
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Constriction behavior, a key innovation in snake evolution: The integration of ethology and physiology.

机译：收缩行为，蛇进化的关键创新：行为学与生理学的融合。

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摘要

Behavioral patterns and their underlying mechanisms can be examined from a hierarchy of levels---ethological, morphological, and physiological, in order to gain a better understanding of trait evolution and organismal design. Constriction, a prey handling method, has been associated with the adaptive radiation of snakes and is a behavioral homology for the majority of snake taxa. Constriction postures vary among lineages but phylogenetic variation in the epaxial motor patterns underlying constriction remains unknown. I tested how prey restraint behavior and coil application differed between basal and intermediate snake taxa and whether the underlying physiology could be linked to the behavioral differences observed. I specifically focused on basal and intermediate snakes as experimental studies for these lineages are lacking. I found that the ability to vary prey restraint behavior in response to prey characteristics and the application of loops laterally around prey are most probably the ancestral condition in snakes. Intermediate taxa, such as boas, exhibit a derived simplified behavioral repertoire. I then tested whether the underlying physiological patterns of constriction corresponded with the variability of loop application patterns documented. Using electrophysiological techniques, I comparatively examined epaxial muscle activity patterns during constriction for basal and intermediate snake lineages to determine whether the underlying physiological mechanisms of constriction corresponds to the postural changes observed at the behavioral level. Lateral bending and unilateral muscle activity patterns were predominant in the basal lineage, Loxocemidae. Lateral bending and unilateral muscle activity were also observed in derived snake taxa (Colubridae) previously documented. Ventral bending and bilateral epaxial muscle activity patterns were predominant in intermediate lineages (Boidae and Pythonidae) and present in derived snake lineages. The variation in the underlying muscle activity patterns during constriction correspond with variation at the ethological level. Thus the diversity of muscle activity patterns underlying prey restraint behavior can be correlated with differences in prey restraint postures.
机译：行为模式及其潜在机制可以从等级（伦理，形态和生理）的层次进行检查，以便更好地了解性状进化和机体设计。收缩，一种猎物处理方法，已经与蛇的适应性辐射相关联，并且是大多数蛇类群的行为同源性。收缩姿势在血统之间有所不同，但收缩背后的外向运动模式的系统发育变化仍然未知。我测试了基础蛇类和中间蛇类之间的猎物约束行为和线圈施加方式如何不同，以及潜在的生理学是否可以与观察到的行为差异联系起来。由于缺乏针对这些谱系的实验研究，因此我专门针对基础蛇和中间蛇。我发现，响应于猎物特性而改变猎物约束行为的能力以及在猎物周围横向施加环的可能性很可能是蛇的祖先条件。中间类群（例如蟒蛇）表现出派生的简化行为库。然后，我测试了收缩的基本生理模式是否与记录的套环应用模式的可变性相对应。使用电生理技术，我比较了基础和中间蛇血统收缩过程中的脊髓后肌活动模式，以确定收缩的基本生理机制是否与行为水平上观察到的姿势变化相对应。在基础血统，Loxocemidae，侧弯和单侧肌肉活动模式为主。在先前记录的派生蛇类（Colubridae）中也观察到了横向弯曲和单侧肌肉活动。在中间谱系（Boidae和Pythonidae）中主要出现腹弯曲和双侧前臂肌肉活动模式，在派生的蛇谱系中也存在。收缩过程中基础肌肉活动模式的变化与行为学水平的变化相对应。因此，猎物约束行为背后的肌肉活动模式的多样性可以与猎物约束姿势的差异相关。

著录项

  • 作者

    Mehta, Rita S.;

  • 作者单位

    The University of Tennessee.;

  • 授予单位 The University of Tennessee.;
  • 学科 Biology Animal Physiology.; Biology Zoology.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2005
  • 页码 213 p.
  • 总页数 213
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 生理学;动物学;
  • 关键词

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