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首页> 外文学位 >Cortical electrical stimulation combined with motor rehabilitation following unilateral cortical lesions: Effects on behavioral performance and brain plasticity.
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Cortical electrical stimulation combined with motor rehabilitation following unilateral cortical lesions: Effects on behavioral performance and brain plasticity.

机译：皮质电刺激结合单侧皮质病变后的运动康复：对行为表现和大脑可塑性的影响。

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摘要

Motor impairments are one of the most common deficits resulting from strokes in humans. Motor rehabilitation can often either accelerate and/or enhance functional recovery. Clinical data also indicates that motor cortical electrical stimulation may reduce motor impairments. Thus it seemed likely that combining cortical electric stimulation with rehabilitative training on a motor task could facilitate greater functional recovery.; The general hypothesis is that cortical electrical stimulation (CS) can improve the efficacy of motor rehabilitative training and increase neuronal structural plasticity after stroke-like damage in adult animals. This was tested following ischemic SMC lesions in adult male rats using low-levels (below the level of current that elicits movement) of electrical current delivered to the surface of intact tissue adjacent to the lesion concurrent with motor rehabilitative training on a skilled reaching task. In separate studies, it was demonstrated that 50Hz bipolar or 100Hz monopolar cathodal and anodal electrical CS of peri-infarct tissue augmented forelimb functional recovery on skilled reaching tasks compared to rehabilitation alone. However, CS may be partially limited in effectiveness by the severity of post-lesion impairments. CS did not improve overall reaching successes in the single pellet retrieval task in animals with relatively severe impairments following SMC lesions, although CS did alleviate specific movement impairments related to reaching in both moderately and severely impaired groups.; It was also hypothesized that cortical stimulation facilitates behavioral improvements by inducing neural structural reorganization after brain damage. It was found that CS-induced improvements in behavior coincided with structural plasticity in the cortex adjacent to the lesion. Rehabilitation combined with 50Hz stimulation increased the surface density of dendritic processes in layer V of the cortex lateral to the lesion compared to groups receiving 250Hz CS or no stimulation during rehabilitation. Cathodal 100Hz CS also enhanced neuronal density, but not neuron number, in perilesion motor cortex compared to groups receiving no stimulation during rehabilitation.; Together these studies indicate that cortical electrical stimulation combined with skilled reaching can greatly enhance post-lesion behavioral recovery on skilled reaching tasks. Enhanced behavioral recovery is accompanied by neuroplasticity in cortical areas adjacent to the lesion.
机译：运动障碍是人类中风导致的最常见缺陷之一。运动康复通常可以加速和/或增强功能恢复。临床数据还表明，运动皮层电刺激可减少运动障碍。因此，将皮层电刺激与运动训练中的康复训练相结合似乎可以促进更大的功能恢复。一般的假设是，皮质电刺激（CS）可以改善成年动物中风样损伤后运动康复训练的功效，并增加神经元的结构可塑性。这是在成年雄性大鼠缺血性SMC损伤后进行的，使用低水平（低于引起运动的电流水平）的小电流（传递到与损伤相邻的完整组织表面），同时进行熟练的运动康复训练来进行。在单独的研究中，证明了与单独进行康复治疗相比，梗塞周围组织的50Hz双极或100Hz单极阴极和阳极电CS可以提高前肢的功能恢复能力。但是，CS的有效性可能受到病变后损害严重程度的部分限制。尽管CS确实减轻了中度和重度受损组与到达有关的特定运动障碍，但CS并没有改善在具有SMC损伤后相对较严重损伤的动物的单次颗粒检索任务中的总体触及成功率。还假设皮质刺激通过诱导脑损伤后神经结构的重组来促进行为改善。发现CS引起的行为改善与病变旁皮质的结构可塑性相吻合。与接受250Hz CS或在康复期间未接受刺激的组相比，与50Hz刺激相结合的康复治疗可增加病灶旁皮质V层的树突状过程的表面密度。与康复期间未受到刺激的组相比，阴极100Hz CS还增强了运动神经皮层的神经元密度，但没有增加神经元数量。这些研究共同表明，皮层电刺激与熟练的触及相结合可以极大地提高熟练触及任务的病后行为恢复。行为恢复的增强伴随病变附近皮质区域的神经可塑性。

著录项

  • 作者

    Adkins, DeAnna Lynn.;

  • 作者单位

    The University of Texas at Austin.;

  • 授予单位 The University of Texas at Austin.;
  • 学科 Biology Neuroscience.; Health Sciences Rehabilitation and Therapy.; Psychology Behavioral.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2005
  • 页码 182 p.
  • 总页数 182
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 神经科学;康复医学;心理学;
  • 关键词

  • 入库时间 2022-08-17 11:42:48

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