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A Study on Rheological Properties of Blood and Improvements with High-Voltage Plasma Discharge.

机译：血液流变学特性的研究和高压等离子体放电的改进。

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摘要

Blood behaves as a shear-thinning non-Newtonian fluid where its viscosity varies due to both the deformability and aggregation of RBCs with the interaction with macro-molecules in blood plasma. The elevated whole blood viscosity (WBV), which indicates the increased frictional resistance between a moving blood and stationary vessel walls, has been suggested as one of the major determinants or risk factors of atherosclerosis diseases (i.e., cardiovascular diseases, stroke, and peripheral arterial diseases etc.) and microvascular disorders (i.e., diabetic retinopathy, nephrophathy, and neuropathy etc.) by causing both the endothelial injury of vessel walls and poor perfusion at capillaries.;In order to investigate the shear-thinning non-Newtonian behavior of blood in regards to the effects of increased wall shear stress and impaired oxygen delivery on various diseases that might be caused by hyperviscosity, the present study was focused on the studies of rheological properties of blood by examining the WBV profiles over a pathologically wide range of shear rates using a scanning capillary tube viscometer (SCTV) and their improvements using high-voltage plasma discharge.;Firstly, a new hematocrit-correction model using the Casson model was proposed to correct the measured WBVs of different blood samples with different hematocrits to a standard hematocrit of 45 %, a process which is needed to compare the effect of intrinsic theological properties or other determinants on blood viscosity for different blood samples. Without the measurement of plasma viscosity, the new model showed about 4 to 6 times more accurate and less deviations than the conventional Matrai's model.;Secondly, a new method of measuring the electric conductivity of whole blood was introduced for the purpose of hematocrit determination, demonstrating a simple but accurate hematocrit measurement by employing a low-frequency square-wave voltage signal in a conductance cell, without the usual error associated with the sedimentation of erythrocytes.;Thirdly, a new physical treatment method with the application of high-voltage plasma discharges (i.e. DBD and corona discharge) followed by filtration of the coagulated particles was proposed. The results indicated that WBV could be reduced by 9.1 % and 17.7 % for systolic blood viscosity (SBV) and diastolic blood viscosity (DBV), respectively, from the baseline values when DBD-treated blood plasma was filtered prior to mixing with red blood cells. When treated with the corona discharge for 60 pulses, DBV and LDL concentration dropped by 30.1 % and 31.5 %, respectively, from the baseline values.;Lastly, a new opaque standard viscosity fluid (SVF) was proposed using maltose with 55 % of concentration to replicate a shear-thinning non-Newtonian behavior of blood for different shear rates. The produced viscosity profiles from three different levels of SVFs provided low-, medium-, and high-standard viscosity fluids that can be used for the performance test of any blood viscometers over a wide range of shear rates. The applicability of new opaque SVFs was demonstrated by dye concentration test, repeatability test, and degradation test.
机译：血液表现为剪切稀化的非牛顿流体，其粘度由于RBC的可变形性和聚集性以及与血浆中大分子的相互作用而变化。已经表明，升高的全血粘度（WBV）表示运动的血液与固定的血管壁之间的摩擦阻力增加，被认为是动脉粥样硬化疾病（例如，心血管疾病，中风和外周动脉）的主要决定因素或危险因素之一疾病等）和微血管疾病（例如糖尿病性视网膜病，肾病和神经病等），同时引起血管壁内皮损伤和毛细血管灌注不良；为了研究血液中剪切变稀的非牛顿行为关于壁剪切应力增加和氧气输送受损对可能由高粘度引起的各种疾病的影响，本研究着眼于血液的流变性质研究，方法是在病理学范围内的剪切速率范围内检查WBV曲线使用扫描毛细管粘度计（SCTV）及其通过高压等离子体放电进行的改进。提出了一种新的使用Casson模型的血细胞比容校正模型，将具有不同血细胞比容的不同血液样品的测得的WBV校正为标准血细胞比容为45％，该过程需要比较内在的神学特性或其他决定因素对血液的影响不同血液样本的粘度。在没有血浆粘度测量的情况下，新模型显示出比传统Matrai模型高出约4至6倍的精确度和较小的偏差。其次，为了测定血细胞比容，引入了一种测量全血电导率的新方法，通过在电导池中使用低频方波电压信号来演示简单而准确的血细胞比容测量，而不会出现与红细胞沉降有关的常见错误。第三，一种应用高压等离子体的新物理治疗方法建议先放电（即DBD和电晕放电），然后过滤凝结的颗粒。结果表明，在将DBD处理的血浆与红细胞混合之前进行过滤时，与基线相比，WBV可以分别比基线值分别降低9.1％和17.7％的收缩压和舒张压。 。当用电晕放电处理60个脉冲时，DBV和LDL浓度分别比基线值下降了30.1％和31.5％。最后，提出了一种新的不透明标准粘度流体（SVF），其使用浓度为55％的麦芽糖复制不同剪切速率下血液的剪切稀化非牛顿行为。由三种不同水平的SVF产生的粘度曲线提供了低，中和高标准粘度的流体，可用于在各种剪切速率范围内的任何血液粘度计的性能测试。通过染料浓度测试，重复性测试和降解测试证明了新的不透明SVF的适用性。

著录项

  • 作者

    Jung, Jin Mu.;

  • 作者单位

    Drexel University.;

  • 授予单位 Drexel University.;
  • 学科 Engineering Mechanical.;Engineering Biomedical.;Biophysics General.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2012
  • 页码 192 p.
  • 总页数 192
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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