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首页> 外文学位 >Winter Ecology of Migratory Brazilian Free-Tailed Bats (Tadarida brasiliensis) in Bridges of the Southwestern United States.
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Winter Ecology of Migratory Brazilian Free-Tailed Bats (Tadarida brasiliensis) in Bridges of the Southwestern United States.

机译：美国西南部桥梁中的迁徙巴西无尾蝙蝠（Tadarida brasiliensis）的冬季生态。

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摘要

Bats are diverse and ubiquitous mammals with a worldwide distribution. In the U.S., especially the southwest, Brazilian free-tails (Tadarida brasiliensis: I. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1824) are arguably the most abundant bat in the western hemisphere. These insectivorous bats range from Nebraska to Latin America and from Oregon to North Carolina. Populations migrate frequently (every year), great distances (>1,800 km), and seasonally (south for winter). In New Mexico and Texas, migrant Brazilian free-tailed populations increase seasonally because of fecundity in local summer populations as well as migration of individuals from more northern environments in summer, to southern environments in winter. Surprisingly, apparently viable populations persist in during mid-winter months suggesting winter residency of either localized populations, northern migrants, or a combination of cryptic metapopulations. This unexpected transient stop-over or residency in the geographic middle of the migration pattern (southern New Mexico-central Texas) was puzzling and warrants scrutiny. Although T. brasiliensis is abundant and commonly researched, the ecology of wintering populations is poorly known. Research on bats has been traditionally confined to their warm-season biology with sparse information available on winter activity. The broad goals of this research on winter T. brasiliensis had four major conduits.;1. Describe basic population parameters of bridge populations such as species, abundances, and roost characteristics of bridge bats in New Mexico.;2. Determine the extent of bridge occupancy of Tadarida brasiliensis in terms of continuously occupied roosts, and year-round occupation in New Mexico and Texas.;3. Investigate winter variation in population composition, i.e. frequency and relative abundance of individuals, sex ratios, age classes, body mass, evidence of feeding, and distribution in Texas of Tadarida brasiliensis. .;4. Investigate winter variation in diet composition, i.e. frequency and relative abundance of major food items in Texas Tadarida brasiliensis. .;This research described bridge occupancy, diet and winter ecology of T. brasiliensis and reflected on the status of these wintering populations as either transients in the midst of extended migration, or marginal laggards tolerating less than optimal conditions in lieu of completing migration. Winter presence of metapopulations continuously roosting in bridges and actively feeding were previously unknown for this opportunistic bat.
机译：蝙蝠是分布广泛且种类繁多的哺乳动物。在美国，尤其是西南部，可以说巴西的无尾蝠（Tadarida brasiliensis：I。Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire，1824年）是西半球中最丰富的蝙蝠。这些食虫蝙蝠的范围从内布拉斯加州到拉丁美洲，从俄勒冈到北卡罗来纳州。人口经常（每年），远距离（> 1,800公里）和季节性（冬季为南方）迁徙。在新墨西哥州和得克萨斯州，由于当地夏季人口众多，以及夏季个人从北部地区迁移到南部地区的迁移，巴西的自由尾移民季节性增加。出人意料的是，显然可行的种群在冬季中旬持续存在，这表明本地人口，北部移民或神秘的混居种群在冬季定居。在迁移模式的地理中间（新墨西哥州中南部得克萨斯州南部）的这种意外的短暂停留或居留令人困惑，需要进行仔细审查。尽管巴西T. brasililiensis数量众多，并且得到了广泛的研究，但对越冬种群的生态学知之甚少。传统上，对蝙蝠的研究仅限于其暖季生物学，并且缺乏有关冬季活动的信息。这项研究的主要目标是对巴西冬小麦的研究有四个主要渠道。描述新墨西哥州桥梁种群的基本种群参数，例如种类，丰度和栖地特征； 2。根据持续栖息的栖息地，以及新墨西哥州和德克萨斯州全年的占领情况，确定塔达里达牛（Tadarida brasiliensis）桥梁的占用程度； 3。调查冬季人口组成的变化，即个体的频率和相对丰度，性别比，年龄段，体重，进食证据以及塔州（Tadarida brasiliensis）的分布。 。; 4。调查冬季饮食组成的变化，例如巴西得克萨斯州塔达里达州主要食物的频率和相对丰度。这项研究描述了巴西T. brasiliensis的桥梁居住情况，饮食和冬季生态状况，并反映了这些越冬种群的状况，要么是在迁徙过程中的短暂过渡，要么是容忍落后于最佳条件的边际落后者，而不是完全迁徙。对于这种机会性蝙蝠，以前不知道冬季种群不断在桥梁中栖息并积极进食。

著录项

  • 作者

    Mink, Jeffrey Norman.;

  • 作者单位

    Baylor University.;

  • 授予单位 Baylor University.;
  • 学科 Ecology.;Environmental science.;Zoology.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2012
  • 页码 141 p.
  • 总页数 141
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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