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首页> 外文学位 >Materials discovery by crystal growth: Synthesis, structure determination and physical properties of complex oxides of niobium, tantalum, iron and uranium.
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Materials discovery by crystal growth: Synthesis, structure determination and physical properties of complex oxides of niobium, tantalum, iron and uranium.

机译：通过晶体生长发现材料：铌，钽，铁和铀的复合氧化物的合成，结构确定和物理性质。

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摘要

The act of materials discovery continues to grow in importance, as new materials are needed for a variety of applications ranging from solar panels to solid-state lighting. Many research groups have focused their efforts on discovering new materials, specifically oxides, where the process is being fine tuned to yield compounds with unusual or enhanced physical properties. While the traditional solid-state method is very practical for the preparation of large quantities of materials, the high temperature solid-state approach tends to produce the most thermodynamically stable product, thus limiting the discovery of new materials. Alternative synthetic routes have been explored to overcome this limitation and to gain access to new and unusual compounds.;One method, the crystal growth from high temperature solutions, has proven to be an excellent route for material discovery, in particular for generating high quality single crystals of complex oxides. Our group has been very successful at utilizing molten carbonates and hydroxides to prepare crystals of new complex oxides that incorporate a wide variety of different metals. Specifically, molten hydroxides have proven to be ideal for the dissolution and subsequent recrystallization of niobium, tantalum and iron-containing oxides and several new complex oxides were prepared during this study. These materials were structurally characterized and their optical properties were investigated. Single crystals of complex oxides of uranium, on the other hand, have proven to be more difficult to grow using the hydroxide fluxes, prompting a switch to molten carbonates, which have readily yielded new quaternary uranium-containing phases. This study focuses on the synthesis, the structural characterization and the optical properties of novel niobium, tantalum and iron-containing oxides as well as highlights the development of a new synthetic approach for the preparation of complex uranium oxides.
机译：随着从太阳能电池板到固态照明的各种应用都需要新的材料，发现材料的行为继续变得越来越重要。许多研究小组将工作重点放在发现新材料上，特别是氧化物上，在此过程中，微调该过程以产生具有异常或增强物理性能的化合物。尽管传统的固态方法对于制备大量材料非常实用，但是高温固态方法往往会产生热力学最稳定的产品，从而限制了新材料的发现。已探索出替代的合成路线来克服这一限制并获得新的和不寻常的化合物。;一种方法，即从高温溶液中生长晶体，已被证明是发现材料，特别是产生高质量单晶的绝佳方法。复合氧化物的晶体。我们的小组在利用熔融的碳酸盐和氢氧化物制备包含多种不同金属的新型复合氧化物晶体方面非常成功。具体而言，已证明熔融氢氧化物是铌，钽和含铁氧化物的溶解和随后重结晶的理想选择，并且在本研究中制备了几种新的复合氧化物。这些材料的结构进行了表征，并研究了它们的光学性能。另一方面，事实证明，使用氢氧化物通量，铀的复杂氧化物的单晶更难以生长，从而促使人们转向熔融碳酸盐，而碳酸盐很容易产生新的含季铵的新相。这项研究的重点是新型铌，钽和含铁氧化物的合成，结构表征和光学性质，并着重介绍了制备复杂铀氧化物的新合成方法的发展。

著录项

  • 作者

    Roof, Irina Puzdrjakova.;

  • 作者单位

    University of South Carolina.;

  • 授予单位 University of South Carolina.;
  • 学科 Chemistry Inorganic.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2010
  • 页码 309 p.
  • 总页数 309
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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