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Plume Dispersion: A New Flare Combustion and Plume Rise Model.

机译：羽流扩散：一种新的火炬燃烧和羽流上升模型。

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摘要

Air pollution from industrial sources is a continuing concern, especially near residential areas, where public health can be affected. Dispersion of plumes released from stacks depends on wind speed, plume emission rate, stack height, and other meteorological and stack variables. Plume rise is an important aspect of plume dispersion because it increases the apparent release height, which leads to lower ground-level concentrations. Plume rise models are therefore important components of air dispersion models. Plume rise linked with flare combustion has received only minimal attention in the scientific literature to date, despite its importance.;In the first step, a set of heat, material, and momentum conservation equations are proposed related to the wind speed and the stack parameters. The basic model is obtained by solving these equations simultaneously assuming instantaneous combustion. Then the kinetics of combustion to CO and CO2 were considered as a model extension. The emissivity calculation was also enhanced to obtain more accurate results in the improved model. Finally, the air dispersion model CALPUFF was run according to the proposed flare model and a simpler and less realistic flare model by Beychok (2005) to compare results of the models.;This new flare method is simple enough to be embedded into the air dispersion modeling software (such as CALPUFF). Currently, regulatory models use variants of Beychok's (2005) approach, but these are not realistic. More sophisticated models exist (e.g. based on CFD), but these are too complex to be used in combination with air dispersion models. Thus, this study offers a simple and reliable flare model to be used in air dispersion models.;This thesis develops a numerical model of plume rise with flare combustion based on material, heat, mass, and momentum balances. The basis of the model was proposed by Scire et al. (2000) as Plume Rise Model Enhancements (PRIME) for plume rise and building downwash. Later on, De Visscher (2009) extended the PRIME model to account for flare combustion by keeping track of the amount of oxygen mixed into the plume. The current study is an extension of the work of De Visscher (2009) to account for the rate of reaction. The proposed model considers the reaction kinetics to produce more realistic and accurate results. Moreover, emissivity, which plays an important role in the heat conservation equations but which was only parameterized in the original model, is calculated explicitly to increase the accuracy of the model.
机译：工业来源的空气污染一直是人们一直关注的问题，尤其是在居民区附近，那里的公共卫生可能受到影响。从烟囱中释放出的烟流的分散度取决于风速，烟流排放率，烟囱高度以及其他气象和烟囱变量。烟羽上升是烟羽分散的重要方面，因为它会增加表观释放高度，从而导致较低的地面浓度。因此，羽流上升模型是空气扩散模型的重要组成部分。迄今为止，与火炬燃烧有关的烟气上升尽管很重要，但在科学文献中只受到了很少的关注。第一步，提出了一组与风速和烟囱参数有关的热，材料和动量守恒方程。基本模型是通过假设瞬时燃烧同时求解这些方程式而获得的。然后，将燃烧成CO和CO2的动力学视为模型扩展。发射率计算也得到了增强，以在改进的模型中获得更准确的结果。最后，根据拟议的火炬模型和Beychok（2005）提出的一个更简单，不太现实的火炬模型运行了空气扩散模型CALPUFF，以比较模型的结果;该新的火炬方法非常简单，可以嵌入到空气扩散中建模软件（例如CALPUFF）。当前，监管模型使用Beychok（2005）方法的变体，但这些方法不切实际。存在更复杂的模型（例如基于CFD），但是这些模型太复杂而无法与空气扩散模型结合使用。因此，本研究提供了一种简单可靠的火炬模型，可用于空气扩散模型。本文基于材料，热量，质量和动量平衡，建立了火炬燃烧过程中烟羽上升的数值模型。该模型的基础由Scire等人提出。 （2000）作为羽状上升模型增强（PRIME）用于羽状上升和建筑物下水道。后来，De Visscher（2009）扩展了PRIME模型，通过跟踪混合到烟羽中的氧气量来解决火炬燃烧。当前的研究是De Visscher（2009）工作的扩展，以说明反应速度。所提出的模型考虑了反应动力学以产生更真实和准确的结果。此外，显式计算发射率（在热守恒方程中起重要作用，但仅在原始模型中进行参数化），以提高模型的准确性。

著录项

  • 作者

    Rahnama, Kamran.;

  • 作者单位

    University of Calgary (Canada).;

  • 授予单位 University of Calgary (Canada).;
  • 学科 Engineering Chemical.;Engineering Environmental.
  • 学位 M.Sc.
  • 年度 2012
  • 页码 148 p.
  • 总页数 148
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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