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Intercomparison and validation of continental water level products derived from satellite radar altimetry, modeling and forecasting tropical lake levels.

机译：对来自卫星雷达测高仪的大陆水位产品进行比对和验证，对热带湖泊水位进行建模和预测。

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This dissertation focuses on validating the use of satellite radar altimetry products to observe and forecast water level in lakes and reservoirs.;Satellite measurements of lake and reservoir water levels complement in situ observations by providing stage information for ungauged basins and by filling data gaps in gauge records. Yet different satellite radar altimeter-derived continental water level products may differ significantly due to choice of satellites, geophysical corrections, etc. To explore the impacts of these differences, in the first part of this dissertation a direct comparison between three different altimeter-based lake level estimates is presented and validated with lake level gauge time series for lakes of a variety of sizes and conditions (e.g. whether they freeze seasonally). This comparison provides quantitative estimates of the error in lake levels as well as advice on product choices to end users. The largest discrepancies among the altimeter products occur for the lakes that freeze.;In the second part of this dissertation a simple water balance model is developed relating net freshwater flux on a catchment basin to lake level. The model is constructed with two empirical parameters: effective catchment to lake area ratio and time delay between freshwater flux and lake level response. This model allows comparison of observed net freshwater flux with the lake level estimates from altimetry for a series of 12 tropical lakes distributed across three continents. The results show encouraging agreement between these independent datasets.;The third part of this dissertation uses the simple lake model, developed in the second part of this dissertation, and applies it to NOAA's Climate Forecast System (CFS) coupled model thus allowing us to produce seasonal lake level forecasts based on seasonal predictions of net freshwater flux. In the CFS net freshwater flux data bias with respect to the independent reanalysis is determined. One example of such a lake level model forecast is presented, showing promising significant results over most examined tropical lakes, but failing for reservoirs and smaller lakes. Model forecast bias with respect to altimeter observations is proposed to be further investigated for multiple lead times.
机译：本论文着重于验证卫星雷达测高仪产品在湖泊和水库水位观测和预报中的应用。记录。然而，由于卫星的选择，地球物理校正等原因，不同的卫星雷达高度计得出的大陆水位产品可能会有显着差异。为了探讨这些差异的影响，在本文的第一部分中，我们直接比较了三种不同的高度计湖泊针对各种规模和条件的湖泊（例如，它们是否季节性冻结），使用湖泊水位仪时间序列来提供和验证水位估算值。这种比较提供了湖泊水位误差的定量估计，并为最终用户提供了有关产品选择的建议。在高度计产品中，最大的差异发生在结冰的湖泊上。在本论文的第二部分中，建立了一个简单的水平衡模型，将集水盆地的净淡水通量与湖泊水位联系起来。该模型以两个经验参数构建：有效流域与湖泊面积之比以及淡水通量与湖泊水位响应之间的时间延迟。通过该模型，可以将分布在三大洲的一系列12个热带湖泊的观测净淡水通量与高程估算的湖泊水位进行比较。结果表明了这些独立数据集之间令人鼓舞的一致性。论文的第三部分使用了在第二部分中开发的简单湖泊模型，并将其应用于NOAA的气候预报系统耦合模型，从而使我们能够产生基于净淡水通量的季节性预测得出的季节性湖泊水位预测。在粮安委净淡水通量数据中，确定了与独立再分析有关的偏差。给出了这样一个湖泊水位模型预测的例子，显示了在大多数检查过的热带湖泊上有希望的显着结果，但是对于水库和较小的湖泊却没有。建议针对高度计观测值进行模型预测偏差，以进一步研究多个交付周期。

著录项

  • 作者

    Ricko, Martina.;

  • 作者单位

    University of Maryland, College Park.;

  • 授予单位 University of Maryland, College Park.;
  • 学科 Hydrology.;Climate Change.;Remote Sensing.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2012
  • 页码 156 p.
  • 总页数 156
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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