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Local and regional patterns of transport, dispersal, and exchange in coastal fishes.

机译：沿海鱼类的运输，分散和交换的当地和区域模式。

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摘要

Ocean transport processes affect larval dispersal and influence survival and exchange among populations. Cross-shelf and alongshore transport are known to be important but it is not understood which mechanisms are dominant or whether similar mechanisms regulate transport to and between coastal and estuarine areas. Time series, chemical, and genetic analyses were used to provide information on transport, dispersal, and exchange in coastal fishes. Time series analyses of high frequency (every 1--2 d), short-term (4 mos) light trap collections were completed to compare species' abundances, examine potential transport mechanisms, and document exchange between the coastal ocean and an adjacent estuary. Peak abundances of juvenile fish in the estuary occurred 0 to 4 d after peaks at the outer coast, which indicate that estuarine ingress was a two-stage process. Next, a long-term (3¾ yr) time series of light trap collections within Coos Bay, Oregon was analyzed. Thirty-eight taxa of larval and juvenile fishes were collected. Within the estuary, fish were most abundant during downwelling but there was little evidence for wind-driven transport. Tidal periodicities in fish abundances were observed in the estuary and at the outer coast, which indicate shoreward transport and estuarine ingress may have occurred via selective stream tidal transport and/or internal tides and bores. Thirdly, the otolith elemental composition of black rockfish (Sebastes melanops), collected at sites 120--420 km apart, was examined at various positions along the otolith growth axis to estimate relative extents of larval dispersal and adult movement. Geochemical otolith signatures accurately classified 67% to 81% of individuals to collection location throughout their life. A probable explanation is that individuals from geographically distinct locations never mixed and possibly did not disperse long distances as larvae, which may contribute to population divergence. DNA microsatellite analysis identified significant genetic differences (FST = 0.018 +/- 0.004) between adults from Oregon and Washington, providing corroborative evidence for limited larval dispersal. Lastly, spatial and temporal variation in otolith elemental composition of staghorn sculpin (Leptocottus armatus), collected in Oregon and California estuaries, was examined to further evaluate the utility of otolith microchemistry in determining movements of individual fish.
机译：海洋运输过程影响幼虫的传播并影响种群之间的生存和交流。众所周知，跨架运输和近岸运输很重要，但尚不清楚哪种机制占主导地位，或者是否类似的机制是否调节到沿海地区和河口地区之间的运输。使用时间序列，化学和遗传分析来提供有关沿海鱼类的运输，分散和交换的信息。完成了对高频（每1--2 d），短期（4 mos）光阱收集的时间序列分析，以比较物种的丰度，检查潜在的运输机制并记录沿海海洋与邻近河口之间的交换。河口幼鱼的峰值丰度在外海岸达到峰值后的0至4 d出现，这表明河口进入是一个两个阶段的过程。接下来，分析了俄勒冈州库斯湾的一个长期（3.75年）的光陷阱收集时间序列。收集了38个幼体和幼鱼类群。在河口内，鱼类在下沉期间最为丰富，但很少有风能运输的证据。在河口和外海岸观察到鱼类丰度的潮汐周期，这表明可能通过选择性的潮汐潮汐迁移和/或内部潮汐和河口发生了向岸的运输和河口的入侵。第三，在沿耳石生长轴的各个位置检查在相距120--420 km处收集的黑色石鱼（Sebastes melanops）耳石的元素组成，以估计幼虫扩散和成虫运动的相对程度。地球化学耳石特征准确地将67％至81％的人一生分类为收集地点。一个可能的解释是，来自地理位置不同的地区的个体从来没有混合在一起，并且可能没有像幼虫一样分散很长的距离，这可能导致人口分化。 DNA微卫星分析确定了俄勒冈州和华盛顿州成年人之间的显着遗传差异（FST = 0.018 +/- 0.004），为幼虫的有限传播提供了确凿的证据。最后，研究了在俄勒冈州和加利福尼亚河口收集的鹿角tag的耳石元素组成的时空变化，以进一步评估耳石微化学在确定单个鱼类运动中的效用。

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  • 作者

    Miller, Jessica Adele.;

  • 作者单位

    University of Oregon.;

  • 授予单位 University of Oregon.;
  • 学科 Biology Oceanography.; Agriculture Fisheries and Aquaculture.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2004
  • 页码 240 p.
  • 总页数 240
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类 海洋生物;水产、渔业;
  • 关键词

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