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首页> 外文学位 >Fluvial suspended sediment characteristics by high-resolution, surrogate metrics of turbidity, laser-diffraction, acoustic backscatter, and acoustic attenuation.
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Fluvial suspended sediment characteristics by high-resolution, surrogate metrics of turbidity, laser-diffraction, acoustic backscatter, and acoustic attenuation.

机译：通过高分辨率，浊度，激光衍射，声反向散射和声衰减的替代指标，得出河流悬浮沉积物的特征。

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摘要

Sedimentation is a primary and growing environmental, engineering, and agricultural issue around the world. However, collection of the data needed to develop solutions to sedimentation issues has declined by about three-fourths since 1983. Suspended-sediment surrogates have the potential to obtain sediment data using methods that are more accurate, of higher spatial and temporal resolution, and with less manually intensive, costly, and hazardous methods. The improved quality of sediment data from high-resolution surrogates may inform improved understanding and solutions to sedimentation problems. The field experiments for this research include physical samples of suspended sediment collected concurrently with surrogate metrics from instruments including 1.2, 1.5, and 3.0 megahertz frequency acoustic doppler current profilers, a nephelometric turbidity sensor, and a laser-diffraction particle size analyzer. This comprehensive data set was collected over five storms in 2009 and 2010 at Yellow River near Atlanta, Georgia. Fluvial suspended sediment characteristics in this study can be determined by high-resolution surrogate parameters of turbidity, laser-diffraction and acoustics with model errors 33% to 49% lower than traditional methods using streamflow alone. Hysteresis in sediment-turbidity relations for single storm events was observed and quantitatively related to PSD changes of less than 10 microns in the fine silt to clay size range. Suspended sediment particle size detection (PSD) is significantly correlated with ratios of measured acoustic attenuation at different frequencies; however the data do not fit the theoretical relations. Using both relative acoustic backscatter (RB) and acoustic attenuation as explanatory variables results in a significantly improved model of suspended sediment compared with traditional sonar equations using only RB. High resolution PSD data from laser diffraction provide uniquely valuable information; however the size detection limits of the instrument is a significant limitation.
机译：沉积是世界范围内日益严重的主要环境，工程和农业问题。但是，自1983年以来，为解决沉积问题制定解决方案所需的数据收集量下降了约四分之三。悬浮沉积替代物有可能使用更准确，具有更高时空分辨率和更高分辨率的方法获得沉积物数据。减少人工密集，成本高且危险的方法。来自高分辨率替代物的沉积物数据质量的提高可能有助于人们更好地理解和解决沉积问题。这项研究的现场实验包括从包括1.2兆赫兹，1.5兆赫兹和3.0兆赫兹频率多普勒电流剖面仪，比浊浊度传感器和激光衍射粒度分析仪在内的仪器收集的替代指标同时收集的悬浮沉积物的物理样品。该综合数据集是在2009年和2010年在佐治亚州亚特兰大附近的黄河的五场暴风雨中收集的。这项研究中的河流悬浮沉积物特征可以通过浊度，激光衍射和声学的高分辨率替代参数来确定，模型误差比仅使用水流的传统方法低33％至49％。观察到单个暴风雨事件的沉积物-浊度关系中存在滞后现象，并且在细粉砂到粘土尺寸范围内，其与PSD变化小于10微米定量相关。悬浮沉积物粒径检测（PSD）与不同频率下测得的声衰减比显着相关。但是，数据不符合理论关系。与仅使用RB的传统声纳方程相比，使用相对声反向散射（RB）和声衰减作为解释变量可导致悬浮泥沙模型得到显着改善。来自激光衍射的高分辨率PSD数据提供了独特的有价值的信息；但是，仪器的尺寸检测极限是一个很大的限制。

著录项

  • 作者

    Landers, Mark Newton.;

  • 作者单位

    Georgia Institute of Technology.;

  • 授予单位 Georgia Institute of Technology.;
  • 学科 Hydrology.;Physics Acoustics.;Engineering Civil.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2012
  • 页码 257 p.
  • 总页数 257
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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