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Streams, structures, spaces, scenarios, and societies (5S): A formal digital library framework and its applications.

机译：流，结构，空间，场景和社会（5S）：一个正式的数字图书馆框架及其应用。

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Digital libraries (DLs) are complex information systems and therefore demand formal foundations lest development efforts diverge and interoperability suffers. In this dissertation, we propose the fundamental abstractions of Streams, Structures, Spaces, Scenarios, and Societies (5S), which allow us to define digital libraries rigorously and usefully. Streams are sequences of arbitrary items used to describe both static and dynamic (e.g., video) content. Structures can be viewed as labeled directed graphs, which impose organization. Spaces are sets with operations that obey certain constraints. Scenarios consist of sequences of events or actions that modify states of a computation in order to accomplish a functional requirement. Societies are sets of entities and activities, and the relationships among them. Together these abstractions provide a formal foundation to define, relate, and unify concepts---among others, of digital objects, metadata, collections, and services---required to formalize and elucidate "digital libraries". A digital library theory based on 5S is defined by proposing a formal ontology that defines the fundamental concepts, relationships, and axiomatic rules that govern the DL domain. The ontology is an axiomatic, formal treatment of DLs, which distinguishes it from other approaches that informally define a number of architectural invariants. The applicability, versatility, and unifying power of the 5S theory are demonstrated through its use in a number of distinct applications including: (1) building and interpreting a DL taxonomy; (2) informal and formal analysis of case studies of digital libraries (NDLTD and OAI); (3) utilization as a formal basis for a DL description language, digital library visualization and generation tools, and a log format specific for DLs; and (4) defining a quality model for DLs.
机译：数字图书馆（DL）是复杂的信息系统，因此需要正式的基础，以免开发工作出现差异，并且互操作性受到损害。本文提出了流，结构，空间，场景和社会（5S）的基本抽象，它使我们能够严格有效地定义数字图书馆。流是用于描述静态和动态（例如视频）内容的任意项目的序列。可以将结构视为标记了有组织的有向图。空间是带有服从某些约束的操作的集合。场景由事件或动作序列组成，这些事件或动作可以修改计算状态以实现功能需求。社会是一组实体和活动，以及它们之间的关系。这些抽象一起为定义，关联和统一概念（包括数字对象，元数据，集合和服务的概念）提供了正式的基础，而这些概念是形式化和阐明“数字图书馆”所必需的。通过提出一种正式的本体来定义基于5S的数字图书馆理论，本体定义了控制DL域的基本概念，关系和公理规则。本体是对DL的公理化，形式化处理，这使其与其他非正式地定义了许多建筑不变式的方法有所不同。通过在许多不同的应用中使用5S理论，可以证明5S理论的适用性，多功能性和统一性：（1）建立和解释DL分类法； （2）对数字图书馆案例研究（NDLTD和OAI）进行非正式和正式分析； （3）正式使用DL描述语言，数字图书馆可视化和生成工具以及特定于DL的日志格式； （4）定义DL的质量模型。

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