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首页> 外文学位 >From stock to floc: An investigation into the physical/chemical processes controlling aluminum sulfate and polyaluminum chloride behavior in a gravity powered drinking water treatment plant.
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From stock to floc: An investigation into the physical/chemical processes controlling aluminum sulfate and polyaluminum chloride behavior in a gravity powered drinking water treatment plant.

机译：从原料到絮凝物：对重力驱动的饮用水处理厂中控制硫酸铝和聚氯化铝行为的物理/化学过程的研究。

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摘要

Coagulation and flocculation processes have been utilized in municipal scale drinking water treatment plants for many decades. Coagulation mechanisms have been defined and flocculation parameters have been tested in many studies. However, this knowledge has not been successfully aggregated into an overarching theory of coagulation and flocculation that can be applied to the design, construction, and operation of drinking water treatment plants. To this end, a prototype chemical dose controller was designed and tested to be used in conjunction with a linear flow meter for the accurate and consistent dosing for coagulant chemicals into the influent water in a plant. Scalable, physically based algorithms for the automated design of the flow meter and dose controller are available online at aguaclara.cornell.edu.;A bench-scale water treatment plant apparatus with a hydraulic flocculator was created and validated to quantify flocculation performance for a wide array of conditions. Extensive data processing was also carried out to characterize the sedimentation of the flocculated suspensions. This powerful combination of bench-scale reactors and data analysis was used to study the rate of formation of PACl aggregates upon mixing with influent water and the effect of aggregate size on the subsequent formation of flocs that can be readily removed by sedimentation. Results show that, under the experimental conditions tested in this research, PACl self-aggregation consistently lowers attachment efficiency of the colloidal suspension, reduces the effectiveness of the flocculator, and reduces turbidity removal. Optimal performance is best accomplished by immediate, rapid, and efficient mixing of PACl with the influent water.;Mechanistically-based scalable algorithms for design and performance of hydraulic flocculators were developed in another study based on observations of residual turbidity for a range of influent turbidities (5--500 NTU) and coagulant doses (0:01 -- 0:15mM), for two hydraulic residence times (800 s and 1200 s) and for two coagulant types (polyaluminum chloride and aluminum sulfate). Seemingly disparate results were unified through creation of a composite design parameter that considers collision potential in the flocculator and coagulant surface coverage of colloids. When calibrated properly to the coagulant and source water to be treated, the predictive model is expected to be a powerful tool in the design and operation of hydraulic flocculators.
机译：凝结和絮凝过程已经在市政规模的饮用水处理厂中使用了数十年。在许多研究中已经定义了凝结机理并测试了絮凝参数。但是，这些知识尚未成功地汇总到可用于饮用水处理厂的设计，建造和运营的混凝和絮凝的总体理论中。为此，设计并测试了原型化学品剂量控制器，该控制器与线性流量计配合使用，可将凝结性化学品准确，一致地定量注入工厂的进水。可在aguaclara.cornell.edu上在线获得用于流量计和剂量控制器自动设计的可扩展，基于物理的算法;创建了带有液压絮凝器的台式规模的水处理厂设备，并进行了验证，可以量化广泛的絮凝性能条件数组。还进行了广泛的数据处理以表征絮凝悬浮液的沉降。台式反应器和数据分析的这种强大结合被用于研究与进水混合时PACl聚集体的形成速率，以及聚集体尺寸对随后形成的絮凝物的影响，这些絮凝物可通过沉淀轻松去除。结果表明，在本研究中测试的实验条件下，PAC1的自聚集作用会持续降低胶体悬浮液的附着效率，降低絮凝剂的效力，并降低混浊度。最佳性能是通过将PACl与进水立即，快速，有效地混合来最佳实现的。；在另一项研究中，基于对各种进水浊度的残留浊度的观察，开发了基于机械的可扩展算法来设计和设计液压絮凝器的性能。 （5--500 NTU）和凝结剂剂量（0:01-0：15mM），两种水力停留时间（800 s和1200 s）和两种凝结剂类型（聚氯化铝和硫酸铝）。通过创建一个综合设计参数，看似完全不同的结果得以统一，该设计参数考虑了絮凝器中的碰撞势和胶体的凝结剂表面覆盖率。当对要处理的凝结剂和水源进行适当校准后，预测模型有望成为液压絮凝器设计和运行的有力工具。

著录项

  • 作者

    Swetland, Karen Alison.;

  • 作者单位

    Cornell University.;

  • 授予单位 Cornell University.;
  • 学科 Engineering Civil.;Engineering Environmental.;Water Resource Management.
  • 学位 Ph.D.
  • 年度 2012
  • 页码 149 p.
  • 总页数 149
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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